【作者】 马莹莹；

【导师】 徐逸伦；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 在城乡发展新背景影响以及市场经济新要求下,乡村转型出现了新的发展趋势。新型农村合作经济组织作为新型农业生产经营体制构建的重要内容,一方面受到乡村地区内部发展及外部制度性要素影响,另一方面能够反过来影响乡村转型及城乡发展。本文将新型农村合作经济组织这一微观要素与乡村转型相结合,并以东海县这一典型苏北地区为例,探讨基于新型农村合作经济组织影响的不同类型乡村转型路径。理论上来说,新型农村合作经济组织对于乡村地区转型作用主要体现在经济发展、社会发展、空间结构及要素流动四个方面。这些效应发挥是基于合作组织的因子对土地要素、人口要素及资本要素的再配置作用而产生,形成乡村转型在经济、社会和空间方面的体现。其中资金成本、融资能力、组织规模、产业类型和引导主体主要影响资本要素,组织规模、功能类型、引导主体和政策强度影响土地要素,而人口要素则受到组织规模、盈利能力、产业类型和民主组织模式的影响。结合对连云港市东海县的实际调研,新型农村合作经济组织对于乡村转型基本呈现出了促进作用,在经济上实现了总量的增长和经济结构转型的萌芽,空间上表现为在土地流转加速引导的空间集聚性增强和产业集群产生,社会效应尽管很微弱,但是依然出现了人口在空间上的重置。这些转型趋势共同影响了内外要素的交换,形成了城镇化发展的动力转变。根据东海县乡村转型效应与作用因子关联性分析,对理论影响因子修正之后本文认为,以东海县为代表的苏北地区乡村转型是由多种因子复合影响下发展的,其中最主要的影响因子为资金成本、盈利能力、产业类型、民主组织模式及政策强度五个。新型农村合作经济组织的乡村转型效应不仅对于乡村地区的产业发展、空间重塑产生了影响,并且对以产业选择和空间引导为主要内容的城乡规划也提出了新要求。因此实际发展中苏北地区应在遵循组织重建、制度重建、经济重建和角色重建的总体策略基础上,强化组织因子主导下的内部路径选择与外部城乡规划匹配,加速实现现有基础上的进一步发展转型。通过乡村自身基础条件和资源禀赋的差异,可以将其分为特殊区位型、特色资源型及一般村镇型三类。从内部合作组织的作用角度来看,每一类乡村地区通过选择适宜的因子主导型发展路径,实现不同方面的转型。其中,特殊区位型以经济转型路径、空间转型路径和社会转型路径相结合,形成乡村全面转型；特色资源型近期以经济转型路径与空间转型路径为重点,首先突出经济和空间上的转型发展,远期加大社会转型路径的作用,实现全面转型；而一般村镇型则应首先强化经济发展能力,沿经济转型路径进行发展,当积累了一定的资本后再在远期寻求空间转型。从城乡规划应对的角度,鉴于合作组织发展对产业、空间的影响及因此提出的规划要求,规划也应从产业指引和空间布局两个方面提出综合应对措施,并根据乡村类型差异提出差异化的规划策略。在内外因子共同主导的乡村转型路径的指导下,未来苏北地区的乡村发展将呈现差异化发展、中心化发展和网络化发展三种趋势,这三种趋势作为三个发展阶段的突出特点,其间并没有明显的时间界线,可能交融在某一个发展时期内,通过趋势的转变促进苏北地区的乡村发展由孤立的低水平均质化发展演变为分享的高水平网络化发展,并推动城乡一体化的进程。更多还原

【Abstract】 A new trend of the rural transformation has been showed up because of the new background of urban and rural development and the new requirements of market-oriented economy. As a new element of development in this process, new rural cooperative economic organizations have great significance for rural transformation. Based on this, the paper takes Donghai County as an example, combining the new rural cooperative economic organizations with rural transformation in order to seek rural transformation paths under the influence of new rural cooperative economic organizations in the northern Jiangsu area.Theoretically, the effect of new rural cooperative economic organizations for rural transformation mainly embodied in four aspects namely economic development, social development, space structure and factors flowing. Essentially, the transformation of economic, social and spatial aspects is due to the reallocation effect of organizations’factors on the land, population and capital elements. In which capital elements are influenced by cost of capital, ability of financing, scale of organization, type of industry and subject of organization, land elements are influenced by scale of organization, type of function, subject of organization and intensity of policy, population elements are influenced by scale of organization, ability of financing, type of industry and mode of democracy.The result of the investigation on Donghai County is consistent with the theory, that is the new rural cooperative economic organizations have played a positive role for rural transformation. Which brings out the total growth and structure changes in economy, the agglomeration enhancement and industrial clusters in space and the slight mobility of population in society. According to the relationship analysis between rural transformation and organization factors, the rural transformation is affected by a variety of factors in The Northern Jiangsu Area, in which the most important are cost of capital, ability of financing, type of industry, mode of democracy and intensity of policy.Development of new rural cooperative economic organizations not only affects the industrial development and spatial remodeling in rural area, but also puts forwards new requirements for urban and rural planning which contains the selection of industry and guidance of space. Therefore the development of Northern Jiangsu Area should be based on the overall strategy to reconstruct organizations, system, economic and role. And then strengthen choices of internal and external matching paths to accelerate the further transformation. The rural area can be divided into three types, which are special-location type, characteristic resources type and general type, each type can achieve different aspects of transformation by selecting the appropriate organization factor oriented development paths. From the urban and rural planning perspective,in view of influence of cooperation in the development of industry and space, the plan should put forward comprehensive measures of these two aspects and make different planning strategy according to the types of rural areas.Influenced by the rural transformation path, rural development of Northern Jiangsu Area in the future will appear three trends as variation development, centralization development and networked development. Thus not only promoting rural development in Northern Jiangsu Area evolved from homogeneous isolated development to network sharing development, but also putting forward the development of urban-rural integration.更多还原