【作者】 张越；

【导师】 闵学勤；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 社会学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着互联网时代的来临,网络在日常生活中的使用越来越频繁,网络参与作为公众参与的一种特殊形式也悄然兴起。从互联网开始传入中国到现在短短20多年时间里,中国的网络参与已由萌芽逐渐走向成熟,公众参与展现出无“网”不利的发展态势,对网络参与的研究也成为当前的热点议题。然而目前的研究多侧重于对网络参与的整体性描述,将网络参与置于社区场域中加以解读的研究却少之又少,而现有的社区网络参与研究也缺少必要的理论关照。在这一背景下,本研究以网络治理理论为框架,在研究路径上按照参与式建构的思路,对本体论意义上的社区加以研究,基于对南京城郊七社区网络参与行为和观念的问卷调查与半结构式访谈,试图对社区网络参与中多元主体的行动逻辑进行探析。研究发现,在参与动机方面,社区网络参与存在着个人利益取向和公共利益取向两股推动力,两者同时促成社区网络参与行为的发生。但具体而言,个人利益取向在解释目前被调查者为何行动时更占优势,而深入持久的社区网络参与则主要以公共利益为支撑；在社区网络参与的行动逻辑方面,组织信任、信息沟通和资源依赖共同构成了社区网络参与的主要因素,其中行动主体之间的组织信任为彼此间良好的网络沟通奠定心理基础,而网上的信息沟通则有助于增强居民对社区的心理归属感,促使居民在社区网络参与中展现出更积极的姿态,资源依赖程度反映了行动者之间的权力关系,在社区网络参与中,资源依赖引领着各方的行动走向；而就参与的治理目标而言,社区网络参与有助于实现行动者的参与动机由个人利益主导向以公共利益为主导的转变,同时,在培育和塑造社区居民公民性方面,社区网络参与也发挥着积极作用,但从数据分析结果来看,社区网络参与对社区治理的影响目前还不明显,仍需要进一步的研究。就目前社区参与的整体情况来看,社区行动主体之间的关系界限尚不清晰,社区居民的参与意愿与实际的参与行为之间存在较大落差,参与类型多为自组织的兴趣活动,对社区公共事务的参与尚未普及,社区治理与理想样态之间仍存在一定差距。造成这种现象的原因是多方面的,既有制度层面的因素,也源于社区居民参与意识的欠缺。而从本次研究的结果来看,网络凭借其方便、快捷、成本低等特点,在吸引社区居民参与、推动参与各方沟通互动、消解社区居民的心理隔阂等方面都发挥着积极作用。尽管目前社区网络参与尚未普及,但在研究中所展现出的潜力也让人看到一丝希望的曙光,而这也正是本次研究的意义所在。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the coming of the internet age, network becomes more and more popular in everyday life, as a special form of citizen participation, network participation is sprouting at the same time. It has been only 20 years since the internet was introduced into China, the network participation in China has grow matured gradually. More and more people choose internet as the tool of citizen participation, the study of the network participation also become a hot issue in the current research. However, most of the present researches focus on the description of the overall network participation, only few research analysed network participation at the background of community participation background. Meanwhile, the present research of community network participation is lack of theory. This study draws on the theory of network governance, according to the idea of participatory construction, this study research the ontological sense of community, based on the questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews of the behavior and motivation of community network participation in seven suburban communities in Nanjing, this study tries to analyse the action logic of community network participation.According to the research, in terms of participation motivation, personal interests and public interests and jointly promote the participation of residents, specifically, personal interest orientation is more favorable when explains why residents are involved in the community network participation, but the extensive and lasting community network participation is mainly supported by the public interest orientation. In terms of action logic of community participation, inter-organizational trust, information communication and resource inter-dependence constitute the major factors of the community network participation, the inter-organizational trust is the foundation of ideal internet communication, and the information communication on the internet is helpful to enhance the residents’ sense of belonging of the community, promote the residents to be more positive in the community network participation, the resource inter-dependence reflects the power relations of the community participants, during the community network participation, the resource inter-dependence direct the relations of community participants. In terms of the governance objectives, community network participation is helpful to realize the transformation of the participation motivation from personal interest orientation to public interest orientation, meanwhile, community network participation also play a positive role in cultivating and shaping civility of the community residents, but from the data analysis results, the impact on community governance of the network participation is still not obvious.On the current overall situation of community participation, the boundaries of community participants is not clear, there is a big gap between the participation willingness and the actual participation behavior, from the aspect of participation types, there are more self-organized club activities than community public affairs, there is still a long distance between current community governance and the ideal situation, many factors contribute to this phenomenon, including the institutional factors and the lack of civility. Depending on its characters like convenience, fast and low cost, network attracts more and more residents to participate. Although the network participation has not yet been universal in the community, but the potential of community network participation showed in this study is still hopeful, and this is where the significance of this study lies.更多还原