【作者】 胡凯；

【导师】 叶金强；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 法律（专业学位）， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会的发展,越来越多的污染物出现在人们的生活中,各种新型的不可量物如噪音、废气、震动、电磁波等大量出现。由其引发的社会问题已经越来越多,相关实践中的问题,急需得到法律的支持与解答。因此,有必要对这种新型的侵害进行法律规范,我国已有诸多学者对于不可量物侵害的法律体系进行了研究。然而,学者们考虑较多的乃是整个体系的构架与设置,对于私法救济,这个司法实务中极其重要的问题却讨论的较少。社会的进一步发展,城市化的进一步加快,注定将会产生越来越多的不可量物侵害问题,只有处理好不可量物侵害的私法救济才会是解决问题的关键,只有处理好了老百姓最关心的救济问题,才是社会和谐发展的有力保障。而要处理好相关的问题,就必须要有相关的法律依据供法官参照并依其裁判,所以只有建立起完备的不可量物侵害私法救济体系,才能有望解决此类问题。本文采用比较法研究的方法,先是从不可量物的定义与特点出发,在对不可量物进行深度辨析之后,一方面探讨私法救济产生的基础,即具有何种特点的侵害才为不可量物侵害所调整；一方面也为了避免权利的滥用而设置相关的限制。文中主要对比研究了德国、法国以及英美法系等相关国家的不可量物侵害私法救济制度,综合分析,挑选出适合我国社会发展的相关规定加以借鉴,并尝试着将其引入到我国的私法救济。同时,也根据我国的实际情况设定符合我国国情的相关私法救济措施。由于学界对不可量物的定义尚未明确,所以本文第一章对不可量物侵害进行了释义,综合分析了其特点,区别于传统侵害的特征等。以期可以概括出一种包含所有不可量物特点的定义,从而为实行不可量物侵害私法救济奠定基础。第二章对于我国的不可量物侵害私法救济现状进行了分析,对于我国的相关制度进行了研究。以期找到我国的不足之处与亟待完善的地方,从而为本文的研究提供了方向。第三章采用比较法对于国外的相关制度进行了综合的探讨与分析。对德国、法国、英美法系国家之间不可量物侵害容忍义务设定的法理,以及私法救济的异同之处进行了对比分析,之后找出适合我国国情,并且可以借鉴的地方。第四章对我国的不可量物侵害私法救济缺陷提出了针对性措施,包括明确区分不可量物,明确国家的“相关规定”,选择综合性的归责原则,并且在设定容忍义务时,一方面明确容忍义务的构成要件,另一方面也未采用相关学者所提倡的设定容忍义务时应当考虑的土地利用的先后顺序；在私法救济方面,采取了设立具体的法律依据以便给法官明确的法律指导；同时设定补偿请求权,以便受害方在无法得到金钱赔偿却又遭到了侵害时,可以得到一定的金钱补偿；并将观念侵害纳入不可量物侵害的私法救济。最后根据我国物权法的已有规定,对于不可量物侵害私法救济实务中提出了建立多种救济手段的建议,以期可以正确处理现实中所遇到的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 With economic development, there are more and more contaminants get into our daily lives which called immeasurable objects such as noise, exhaust gas, vibration, electromagnetic waves and other new types of large numbers of measureless substance. Various social problems caused by immeasurable objects in need of the support of the law. Therefore, it’s necessary to carry out a solution in law. Many scholars have had researched the system of immeasurable objects. However, scholars only consider the entire system structure but private relief which means a lot in real value.With social accelerated pace of urbanization, kinds of such problems destined to appear in people’s lives. Only if we deal with immeasurable objects invasion on the private law relief, we could deal with social problems, only if we deal with the relief issues which is the people most concerned about, it is going to be a powerful safeguard of building a harmonious society. And to properly handle relevant issues, there must be clearly private laws to the legal basis for the judge, therefore the only way to solve such problems is establishing a comprehensive system in private relief for immeasurable objects invasion.Comparison method was used to research immeasurable objects invasion in the thesis, start from the definition and characteristics of immeasurable objects, then deep analysis of it. After that, the thesis explores the basis of private law relief to make clear that which infringement is adjusted by the private law, at the same time, set relevant limits to avoid abuse of rights. This paper mainly comparative study of the private law relief system for immeasurable objects invasion in Germany, France, Common Law and other relevant countries, made a synthesis of them to find out the relevant provisions of law apply to our national conditions, and try to introduce into China. Besides, also set the relevant private law remedies in line with China’s national conditions according to the actual situation in China.Due to the academic field still makes the definition of immeasurable objects unclear, the first chapter of this paper try to makes a clear definition of immeasurable objects, then make a comprehensive analysis of its characteristics which different from the traditional characteristics of infringement, In order to summed up a definition of immeasurable objects that contains all the characteristics, so that we can build the foundation for the implementation of private relief. For the second chapter of the paper, study the private law remedies analyzed the status quo first, then our country’s relevant systems. Find out deficiencies and areas that need to be improved, in order to providing direction for the research of this article. The third chapter analysis related systems abroad in comparison. Studied Germany, France and the common law countries to find out the set of "duldungspflicht" of immeasurable objects, as well as the similarities and differences of private law relief, and then identify the rules that suitable for China’s national conditions where we can learn from. The fourth chapter of this paper, specific measures are proposed, including make a clear distinction of immeasurable objects and make clear of the country’s " relevant provisions ", select comprehensive responsibility principle, and in the setting of "duldungspflicht", on the one hand make a clear obligation to tolerate constituent elements, on the other hand use of sequence of land should not be considered when setting the duty of tolerance which scholars are advocated;In private law remedies has taken a set of compensation claims for injured parties who was unable to get relief in legal but the monetary compensation; and concept damage should be ruled by legal. Finally, according to the existing provisions of the Property Law, variety of suggestions on private law relief in reality was given, in order to deal with problems encountered in reality correctly.更多还原