【作者】 郭丽；

【导师】 张志宏；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 通过运用话轮转换分析框架对小说中人物对话进行分析，同时采用认知-情感人格系统对分析结果进行论证，证明了此分析框架虽然有局限性，但仍然同样适用于部分小说人物的对话分析，此外还对传统的话轮转换分析框架进行了两方面的修改与完善，使其能更科学的从话轮转换的角度分析小说人物对话的语言特点，揭示小说中人物的性格特征，给读者提供更大的人物想象空间，更好地体会人物进而从全新的角度欣赏小说。根据李华东和俞东明（2001）传统的话轮转换框架分为五个部分：发话和控制话题、话轮长度、话轮类型、打断和独白以及话轮控制策略。其中，话轮类型包括发话和反应，话轮控制策略包括转变话题和副语言特征等。此分析框架虽然整体为定量分析，但是发话和控制话轮方面依然是定性研究，因此这里引入话轮控制率和发话率两个指标，进而使得此分析框架更加科学。此外，传统的分析框架只是对话轮非语言学特征进行分析，而忽视了其语言学特征，因此在修正过程中增加了语言学特征的分析，从语音、词汇、句子和文本四个层次进行分析，使得分析框架更加完整。与此同时，认知-情感人格系统的引入对话轮转换分析框架应用于小说人物性格分析的有效性进行了进一步论证。小说《追风筝的人》中阿米尔和阿瑟夫两人的对话作为样本进行分析，从而论证了采用话轮转换分析框架分析人物性格是如何通过对话展现的。在对样本的对话进行定量分析以及运用认知-情感人格系统理论对其进行的论证下，阿米尔的性格跃然纸上。进而对样本进行比较，可以分析得到26年间阿米尔性格的变化之处，使得读者对阿米尔有全方位的认识，使其人物性格更为具体且丰富，更像一个活生生的人，而非仅仅是小说人物。同时，认知-情感人格系统理论为从话轮转换的会话角度欣赏人物的鲜明性格特征提供了有力的证据，证明通过话轮转换对人物性格进行分析是可行的。此外，传统的话轮转换分析框架得到了丰富和补充，其局限性也得以进行探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 The traditional framework of turn-taking is revised by adding two indexes andcompleted via the addition of linguistic features of conversations, which makes theframework more scientific in analysis on the language features of the conversations betweenparticipants in novel. Then the revised framework is employed to analyze the characters personalities in novel, providing the readers with a bigger imaginary space for them toappreciate the novel from a wholly new perspective and at the same time, CAPS is used totestify the result in order to prove the validity of the framework of turn-taking being utilizedto analyze characters personalities despite its limitation.According to Li Huadong and Yu Dongming (2001), there are five aspects in theframework of turn-taking theory: the initial and control of topics, turn-length, turn-type,interruption and monologue, and turn-control strategies which include topic shifting andparalinguistic features. Although this framework is generally quantitative, the aspect of theinitial and control of topics is rather qualitative. Hence, two more indexes are added in thispaper: the rate of turn-control and the rate of initiation, which makes the framework morescientific. In additional, the linguistic features of turns from phonetic level, lexical level,syntactic level and text level are added to complete the framework of turn-taking since thetraditional framework only focuses on paralinguistic features of turns. Moreover,Cognitive-Affective System Theory of Personality, short as CAPS is adopted to further testifythe effectiveness of the framework in analyzing characters personalities in novel.In this thesis, samples are selected from the conversations of the novel The Kite Runnerand they are considered as powerful proof to reveal hero s characteristics from the pragmaticperspective. These samples will be analyzed respectively at first to show the hero s traits byapplying revised turn-taking theory and CAPS will be used as the proof of the effectivenessof the framework. And then a comparison will be made to reveal the differences in differentscenarios along26years, which helps readers to understand Amir comprehensively. Thecurrent turn-taking framework is enriched based on the analysis of the text and it is clear thatturn-taking theory has played a significant role in the analysis on conversations in literary works and that the distinct personality of the characters can be appreciated within theframework of the turn-taking theory is proved as well.更多还原