【作者】 赵煜；

【导师】 闫东玲； 刘健；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 公共管理， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来校车事故频发，一个个年幼的生命无辜消逝，无数个幸福的家庭毁于一旦。特别是2011年，我国连续发生多起校车安全事故，造成了未成年人的重大伤亡，引发了全社会的高度关注，由此催生了校车安全管理国家行政法规的出台——2012年4月，国务院正式颁布实施了《校车安全管理条例》，将校车安全问题纳入了法制化轨道。校车的运营对于缓解城镇学校周边的交通拥堵问题，以及解决农村偏远地区学生的上学问题都是十分有效的，然而校车在实际运营中的效果并不尽如人意，即使是在国家出台了专门法规的情况下，校车本身和校车安全管理仍然存在隐患。天津市校车的发展尚处于起步阶段，有关校车的政策制度还不健全，规范有序的校车市场尚未建立，校车安全管理涉及诸多层面，且错综复杂，亟待进行深入调查研究。本文将运用案例研究法、文献研究法、比较法等多种方法，分析天津市校车安全运营现状和校车安全存在的问题，结合国外和国内其他兄弟省市在校车安全方面的经验，对天津市校车运营模式与校车安全管理机制进行了初步探索，并提出了相关对策与建议。本文的主要内容为：第一，天津市校车市场供需不平衡，未来几年，受到道路交通环境的影响校车市场供给不足的情况将加剧，而学生的乘车需求呈现增长趋势，发展校车运营服务，加强校车安全管理迫在眉睫、势在必行。第二，天津市在探索解决校车问题的过程中，形成了包括公交校车专线、中介服务、塘沽、中新天津生态城等为代表的几种不同的校车试点运营模式。第三，校车安全存在包括政策执行不力、职责不清、缺乏校车安全管理长效机制、全社会对于校车的认识普遍不足等诸多问题。第四，基于对天津市校车试点运营模式存在问题的分析，初步探索了适合天津市的两种校车运营模式：一是过渡期内在原有公交校车专线的基础上发展而来的校车公交化模式，二是从长远上规划整合各种资源形成合同外包模式。第五，在探索天津市校车运营模式和安全管理机制的基础上，针对校车运营中存在的问题，提出四个方面的对策与建议。校车作为现代化中小学后勤管理服务体系建设的一部分内容，在笔者所在的教育部门也是一个亟待解决的课题，希望本文能为天津市在这一领域的研究抛砖引玉，真正让校车成为学生安全的绿色通道，成为学生安全的流动校舍。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, the school bus accidents were frequency, many young innocentlives disappeared, which destroyed many happy family. Especially in2011, ourcountry school bus safety accidents occur continuously, causing heavy casualties ofminors, caused the attention of the whole society, which gave rise to the stateadministrative regulations of the school bus safety management. In April2012, thestate council officially issued and implemented ‘The School Bus Safety ManagementRegulations’, the school bus safety problem get into a legalized track. School busoperation for alleviating urban traffic congestion problems surrounding the school,and solving the problem of rural students in remote areas to school is very effective,but the effect of bus in the actual operation is not very desirable, even under thecondition of special laws and regulations introduced by country, the school bus itselfand the school bus safety management still exist hidden dangers.Tianjin bus is still in the initial stage of development, about the bus policy systemis not sound, normative and orderly school bus market has not yet been established,the school bus safety management involves many aspects, and is intricate, whichneeds to be further research.This article used the case method, the methods such as literature research,comparison, analyzed Tianjin school bus safety operation status quo and the schoolbus safety problems, combining the school bus safety experience of other foreign anddomestic brother provinces, carried on the preliminary exploration of school busoperation mode of Tianjin and its school bus safety management mechanism. Somerelevant countermeasures and suggestions are also put forward. The main content ofthis article are: First, Tianjin school bus market supply and demand imbalance, in thenext few years, under the influence of traffic environment on the school bus marketsupply situation will intensify, and bus showed a trend of growth in the demand ofstudents, developing school bus service, strengthening the school bus safetymanagement are imminent. Second, during Tianjin’s exploration process of solvingthe school bus problem, some different school bus pilot operation modes are formed,representing by special bus line, intermediary services, Tanggu and Tianjin Eco-city.Third, the school bus safety exists many issues including the policy enforcement, unclear responsibility, lack of school bus safety management of long-term mechanism,the insufficiency of the understanding of the whole society for the school bus, andmany other issues. Fourth, based on the analysis of existing problems of Tianjinschool bus pilot operation mode, the preliminary exploration resulted in two schoolbus operation modes for Tianjin: one is the school bus mode developed based on theoriginal special school bus line. Another is a long-term plan to form an outsourcingcontract mode integrating various resources. Fifth, on the basis of exploring Tianjinschool bus operation mode and the safety management mechanism, aiming at theproblems in the operation of the school bus, four aspects of countermeasures andSuggestions are put forward.As part of modern school construction logistics management service system, theschool bus issue is also an urgent subject to be solved in author’s educationdepartment. This paper is expected to cast a brick to attract jade in this field’s researchof Tianjin, really making the school bus become students’ safe green channel andmobile school building.更多还原