【作者】 张玉成；

【导师】 王书亭；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 高速电主轴由于高效、高精、高刚度的优势已经被广泛应用于现代制造业，但是其内部的力-热耦合作用经常导致主轴故障的发生。主轴内的力-热相互作用复杂，设计难度大，只有通过建立高精度的力-热耦合模型系统，研究主轴内的力-热相互耦合作用，才可以达到指导高速电主轴结构和运行条件设计的目的。本文针对现有的主轴建模技术中结合面力学和热学特性综合考虑较少，耦合参数不能随运行条件变化这些问题，提出一种考虑高速电主轴内可动和固定结合面力学、热学参数耦合的力-热耦合有限元模型建模方法。具体内容如下：首先，简介高速电主轴的主要构件和功能，分析高速电主轴内各部件之间的力、热相互作用，并提出高速电主轴力-热耦合模型框架。然后，在Hertz接触和Jones轴承模型的基础上建立了基于滚珠负载的轴承可动结合面接触刚度、接触热阻理论映射模型；在分形接触理论和W-K接触模型的基础上，建立了高速电主轴固定结合面负载、刚度和接触热导率的理论映射模型。接着，在ANSYS中建立了高速电主轴有限元力-热耦合模型，设计了可动结合面和固定结合面嵌入有限元模型的方法以及各类结合面参数更新的方法，系统总结了主轴内的热源和散热系数计算方法，设计有限元模型的仿真流程。最后，在HMC80机床主轴上通过实验验证本文提出的建模方法，实验结果证明了本文建模方法在高速电主轴温度、变形预测方面的有效性及精确性。更多还原

【Abstract】 High speed spindle has been widely used in modern manufacturing industry for theadvantages of high efficiency, high precision and high stiffness. However, severemechanical-thermal coupling in the spindle usually leads to failure. The complexinteractions and the constantly changing characteristics in spindle system make it difficultto design. Only by building a high accurate mechanical-thermal coupling model andstudying the mechanical and thermal interactions in the spindle, can we achieve thepurpose of advising high-speed spindle structure design and operation conditions setting.The traditional spindle models are lacking in an overall consideration of mechanicaland thermal characteristics, and the coupling parameters in the joint surface are constant,which cannot change by the operation conditions. Due to these problems, we present amechanical-thermal high-speed spindle modeling method with consideration of themechanical and thermal characteristics in the movable and fixed joint surface based on thefinite element method. The main research works are shown as follows:Firstly, the main components and their functions in the spindle were introduced. Theinteractions between the components were analyzed, and a framework of the high-speedspindle model was proposed.Secondly, a theoretical model of movable joint surface concerning the relationship ofbearing ball load to bearing contact stiffness and contact resistance was proposed, whichbased on the Hertz contact model and Jones bearing model. And a model of fixed jointsurface concerning the load, stiffness and thermal contact was proposed based on thefractal theory and W-K contact model.Then, based on the former study, a mechanical-thermal coupling model forhigh-speed spindle was established in ANSYS software. The movable and fix joint surfacetheoretical model were embedded into the FEM model, and the method of updatingparameters in joint surface was designed. Simulation process of the FEM model wasproposed.Finally, an experiment was carried on the spindle of HMC80machine tool to verifythe accuracy of the new model. The experiment results showed that the proposed model was effective in temperature rising and deformation prediction.更多还原