【作者】 王岩；

【导师】 王慧媞；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 国际关系， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 冷战时期，美国战略重心在欧洲，其在亚太地区的影响力减弱。2009年以来，美国总统奥巴马提出了“重返亚太”战略。经济上，通过签订贸易协定、增加援助等措施加强与亚太地区的经济交流和合作。外交上，通过领导人出访、参加亚太地区各种会议等途径加强与亚太国家的高层外交和广泛联系。军事上，通过联合军事演习、增加军事访问和培训等措施加强与亚太国家的军事交流与合作，增强在亚太特别是亚洲的控制力以遏制中国。在“重返亚太”战略背景下，美国调整了对缅政策，从外交孤立到频繁接触，从经济制裁到扩大合作，从禁止援助到提供援助并允许多方援助等，两国的关系逐渐改善。美缅关系之所以能够改善，就美国方面来说，首先是因为美国长期对缅甸的制裁和孤立政策收效甚微；其次，缅甸能够为美国经济的发展提供资源和市场；最后，调整对缅政策是美国遏制中国发展的重要环节。从缅甸方面看，首先，打破美国的经济制裁可以促进国内经济的发展；其次，通过争取美国认可巩固缅甸政府的执政地位；最后，改变外交孤立的局面，在中美平衡中寻求最大利益。虽然美缅两国的关系有所改善，但是其前景并非一帆风顺，尽管如此，也会对中国产生影响。中国“一路一带”战略构想的实施将受到制约；中国西南边疆安全和西南能源供应通道将受到威胁；中国与东盟的关系一定程度上也将受到影响。中国应未雨绸缪，进一步加强两国交往，增加政治互信；进一步加强与缅甸的经济合作，实现双方利益共赢；继续坚持睦邻友好的外交政策，发展与缅甸的友好关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the cold war, because USA strategy focused on Europe, its influence in theAsia-Pacific region weakened. From2009, America President Obama proposed "return toAsia-Pacific" strategy. On the economy, USA signed trade agreements and increasing aid tostrengthen economic exchanges and cooperation with countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Onthe diplomacy, USA leaders visited Asia-Pacific countries and participated in the Asia-Pacificconferences to strengthen high-level diplomacy and extensive links with Asia-Pacific countries.On the military, USA joined military exercises and increased access and training to strengthenmilitary exchanges and cooperation with Asia-Pacific countries.Under the background of "return to Asia-Pacific" strategy, USA adjusted the policy towardBurma, from diplomatic isolation to frequent contact, from economic sanctions to expandingcooperation, from the prohibition of aid to multilateral aid, so the relations between the twocountries gradually improved. There are many reasons for the improvement of the relationshipbetween the two countries. For the USA, first of all, American’s long-term sanction and isolationpolicy on Burma earns little success; secondly, Burma can provide resources and market todevelop America economy; finally, the policy adjustment to Burma is an important part of theimplementation of "return to Asia-Pacific "strategy and suppressing China’s development. ForBurma, first of all, Burma needs to break the economic sanctions from USA to develop domesticeconomy; secondly, Burma needs approval of USA to consolidate the government’s ruling status;finally, Burma wants to change the diplomatic isolation situation and seek maximum benefit inthe balance of China and the USA.Although the relationship between the USA and Burma has improved, but the prospect isnot going smoothly. However, it will have an impact on China. China’s "one way and one belt"strategy concept will be restricted; China’s southwest frontier safety and energy supply channelsecurity will be threatened; Relationship between China and ASEAN will be affected to a certainextent. What China should do in response is that: strengthening exchanges between the two countries, and increase mutual political trust; strengthening economic cooperation with Burma,and achieving a win-win interests; continuing to adhere to the good neighborly and friendlyforeign policy, and developing friendly relations with Burma.更多还原