【作者】 刘斌；

【导师】 杨清彪；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 有机化学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着当今社会的飞速发展，金属材料为人类社会带来便利的同时，也给人类带来了许多环境问题，这些问题已经严重危害了人们的健康，阻碍了社会的良性发展，重金属污染问题已经成为人们不得不面对的一个问题。为了解决重金属污染问题，人们开发出了许多材料来去除重金属，而在众多材料中，静电纺丝法所制备的新型吸附材料以其出色的性能受到了广泛的关注。聚丙烯腈上存在着大量的氰基，通过与盐酸羟胺反应之后能形成偕胺肟螯合基团，偕胺肟螯合基团能与重金属离子在溶液中螯合，通过这个原理，我们结合高压静电纺丝法设计了一种能用于重金属离子吸附的材料，并对其进行了测试和研究，具体内容如下：1将聚丙烯腈PAN纤维溶于DMF中，加入盐酸羟胺后对其直接进行了偕胺肟化制备了AOPAN纺丝液，然后利用高压静电法制备了AOPAN纳米纤维膜，避免了传统方法中先纺成膜，再在水溶液中偕胺肟化的步骤。然后，我们对其进行了红外，拉伸，和扫描测试，并利用铜，铅离子对其吸附性能做了进一步研究。实验结果表明，在最佳条件下，其对铜，铅离子的吸附能达到98.4mg/g和119.4mg/g，具有较好的吸附效果。2为了改善AOPAN纳米纤维膜的强度，增强其应用功能，在纤维膜中加入了尼龙PAN66来对其进行改进。首先利用双喷头静电纺丝法制备了PAN聚丙烯腈和尼龙PA66的复合纳米纤维膜，然后利用盐酸羟胺对其进行了偕胺肟化，得到了AOPAN/PA66的复合纳米纤维膜。然后，我们对其进行了红外，拉伸，和扫描等测试，并利用铜，铅离子对其吸附性能做了研究。实验发现，通过尼龙的改性之后，纤维膜不仅具有较好的吸附性能，纤维膜的强度也得到了很大的提高，提高了其重复利用性，使其具有较好的应用潜力。3在上一章的基础上，利用已经纺好的PAN聚丙烯腈和尼龙PA66的复合纳米纤维膜，我们在其上面进行了乙二胺接枝胺化，得到了具有氨基的螯合纳米纤维，并对其进行了红外，拉伸，和扫描等测试，并利用铅离子对其吸附性能做了研究，实验发现其在较低pH值下对铅离子有较好的吸附。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of society, Metal materials in bring convenience to mankind, butat the same time it also brought many environmental problems to human beings. Heavy metalpollution is not only an important factor that limits the development of social economy but also animportant social problem which would threaten the healthy of people, that is a big problem thatpeople have to face it. In order to deal with this problems, many efforts have been made todevelop new super materials all over the world, And in numerous material, the new adsorptionmaterial which made by electrostatic spinning with its excellent performance has received thewidespread attention.Amidoxime functionalized fiber was prepared by reacting polyacrylonitrile fiber withhydroxylamine, its organic chelating agent to response with several kinds of heavy metal ion,then the heavy metal ion will be reduced by forming the product with high stability and hardlydissolved by water. In the present study, PAN-oxime nanofibers were prepared by combining theelectrospinning technique and then we tested its performance. Specific steps are as follows:1Firstly, Amidoxime functionalized fiber was prepared by reacting polyacrylonitrile fiberwith hydroxylamine in DMF, its It retains the advantages, but avoids the limitations ofconventional sequential methods. The Amidoxime functionalized fiber was studied, the structureand properties were characterized by FTIR, SEM, and tensile test,then we tested its adsorptionperformance, Experimental results show that under the optimum condition, the copper and leadions adsorption can reach98.4mg/g and119.4mg/g, has good adsorption effect.2In order to improve AOPAN nanofiber membrane strength, enhance its application function,the nylon PAN66was joined in to carries on the improvement. We prepared PAN polyacrylonitrileand nylon PA66composite nanofiber membranes by a two-nozzle electrospinning process, andthen Amidoxime functionalized fiber was prepared by reacting polyacrylonitrile fiber withhydroxylamine. The Amidoxime functionalized fiber was studied, the structure and propertieswere characterized by FTIR, SEM, and tensile test,then we tested its adsorption performance,experiment found that after the modification of nylon, fiber membrane has good adsorptionperformance, not only the strength of the fiber membrane has been greatly improved, but alsoimproved its repeated use of sex, make it has good application potential.3Building upon the last chapter, we prepared the chelated with amino nanofibers by usingPAN polyacrylonitrile and nylon PA66composite nanofiber and ethylenediamine. Thefunctionalized fiber was studied, the structure and properties were characterized by FTIR, SEM, and tensile test,then we tested its adsorption performance, Experimental results show that underthe optimum condition, the lead ions adsorption can reach66.24mg/g, has good adsorptioneffect.更多还原