【作者】 赵江；

【导师】 高宇；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 法律， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 我国台湾地区“保险法”第93条规定：“保险人得约定被保险人对于第三人就其责任所为之承认、和解或赔偿，未经其参与者，不受拘束。但经要保人或被保险人通知保险人参与而无正当理由拒绝或借故迟延者，不在此限”。该条款规定了责任保险中保险人的参与权，因而在台湾地区保险实务中，责任保险人行使参与权有法可依，能够更好地维持保险人、被保险人以及受害第三者三者之间的利益平衡，从而更好地促进保险事业的发展。目前我国《保险法》没有参与权的规定，责任保险人参与权只约定在相关保险公司的责任保险条款之中。本文主要采用比较研究及价值分析等研究方法。第一部分主要阐明了责任保险人参与权的概念、性质以及功能。责任保险是指被保险人依法应向受害第三者负赔偿责任时，经受害第三者请求，保险人依照保险合同向受害第三者承担赔偿责任的保险。对于参与权的性质，学界有两种观点，一种认为参与权是保险人的权利，另一种认为参与权是保险人必须履行的义务。本文对这两种观点进行了深入分析，通过上述内容的分析，使我们更加深入地了解了责任保险人参与权的内涵。第二部分分析了责任保险人参与权的行使问题，主要包括保险人行使参与权的理论前提与后果承担、未行使参与权的后果承担、行使参与权的注意义务以及参与权行使不当造成的损害赔偿责任。我国《保险法》规定保险人于受害第三者请求损害赔偿时，尚未产生保险责任，只有等到被保险人已对受害第三者履行其赔偿责任时，保险责任才算产生。我们认为，被保险人确实因过失行为致使受害第三者遭受损失，同时，受害第三者向被保险人行使损害赔偿请求权，当两个条件同时符合时，保险责任才算真正产生，保险人才可以行使参与权。保险人参与权的行使分为参与和不参与，而其中参与也包括两种，即行使参与权并同意和解或赔偿协议与行使参与权但不同意和解或赔偿协议。未行使参与权同样包括两类，分为被通知而未参与以及未被通知而未参与。通过对以上几种情形的分析，使我们能够更加理解责任保险人参与权的行使过程以及相关注意问题。既然责任保险人积极行使参与权，那么，必然会有参与权行使不当以及造成损害赔偿责任发生的可能性，此时该如何处置呢？所以，本文也详细论述了责任保险人在行使参与权过程中的注意义务与参与权行使不当而应当承担的损害赔偿责任。第三部分主要分析了责任保险人参与权在我国《保险法》上的完善建议，希望本文能对我国保险立法的完善与保险实务的发展有所帮助。相关建议如下：一，新增责任保险人享有参与权的规定；二，确立被保险人的及时通知义务；三，新增关于责任保险人行使参与权的例外规定；四，新增关于责任保险人行使参与权时持反对意见时的规定。更多还原

【Abstract】 In our Taiwan Zone "Insurance Law" Article93states:"the insurer should agreethe insured for the third party of its responsibility to admit, reconciliation orcompensation, if not participating, unrestrained. But if the insurer has been informedby proposer or the insured and without justified reasons to refuse or an excuse delay,this restriction shall not apply. The law stipulates participation rights of the insurer inliability insurance, so in the Taiwan area, the liability of the insurer can execute itsparticipation rights according to the law and can better maintain the balance of thelegitimate interest among insurer, the insured and the injured third party’s so as topromote the development of the insurance industry better. However, at present,China’s "insurance law" has no provisions in this aspect. The participation right ofliability of the insurer is only applied to the liability insurance in the concerninginsurance companies.The main research methods of this essay include comparison analytic method,value analysis method and so on. First of all, I carry on the detailed analysis of theparticipation right from its concept, character and its function. The general definitionof liability insurance is a kind of insurance that when the insured bears the liabilityfor compensation to the victimized third party, after the victimized third request, theinsurer assumes compensation liability to the victimized third liability insurance inaccordance with the insurance contract. When referring to the character ofparticipation, there are two different definitions. One defines the participation as aright but the other defines it as an obligation which should be assumed by the insurer.The essay makes a deep analysis on these two definitions. Through analyzing, wewill have a better understanding of the content of participation right.Secondly, I analyze the exercise of liability insurance which includes theoreticalpremise of exercising participation right, bearing the consequence of exercisingparticipation right, bearing the consequence of not exercising participation right,assuming the advertent obligation and assuming the responsibility of compensation caused by improper use of participation. In our mind, when the insured indeedmakes the injured third party suffer the loss due to negligence, at the same time, theinjured third party exercise the right to claim for compensation of damage. theinsurance liability happens and the insurer can exercise the right to participate in theinsurance China’s "Insurance Law" stipulates that the victimized third party’s claimfor damages can not be counted as occurring because only until the insured hasfulfilled its compensation responsibility to the third party, it occurs. I divide theparticipation right into participating and not participating. For participating, there arealso two kinds, namely, the exercise of the right to participate and agree to asettlement or a compensation agreement with the exercise of the right to participatebut do not agree to a settlement or compensation agreement. Not participating alsoincludes two categories, divided by without notice, and is not involved in thenotification without participation. Through the above analysis of several scenarios,we have a better understanding of the process of exercising the right to participate aswell as issues related to attention. Since the liability insurers actively exercise theright to participate, there is a possibility of improper using of participation right andcausing the problem of how to compensate. If so, how can we dispose of it?Therefore, this paper also discusses the duty and responsibility of the insurer when inthe process of exercising participation right and the liabilities because of theimproper use of participation right in detail.Finally, when it comes to how to develop and perfect the liability insurancesystem in our country, I put forward a series of suggestions, hoping they are ofhelpful for the legislation of insurance and development of insurance industry. Firstof all, I add some provisions about liability insurance participation right; secondly, Ithink the insured shall timely perform the obligation of notification, so that theinsurer can exercise the right to participate in time; Thirdly, adding the exceptionprovisions on exercising the right of participation; Fourthly, adding the provisionsthat when the insurer hold the opposite opinion.更多还原