【作者】 王黎明；

【导师】 齐明；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 法律， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 人民陪审员制度是我国司法实践中一项十分重要的制度。人民陪审员参与案件审判，体现了我国司法具有社会主义民主性，同样也体现了我国国家管理的群众性。吸纳人民陪审员进入法院合议庭共同审理案件，可以对人民法院审判工作起到直接有效的监督，有助于当今中国司法公正廉洁的实现。但是，近年来人民陪审员制度的司法实践活动面临种种尴尬，如人民陪审员“陪而不审”以及“听而不理”，使人民陪审员制度成为“人民陪衬”制度。人民陪审员制度在司法实践中的虚化导致人民陪审员制度设立初衷难以实现，而民主、监督、公开、公正只能是立法者的美好愿景，人民陪审员制度几乎成为一纸空文。因此，为彻底解决司法实践中人民陪审员制度形同虚设的问题，充分发挥该制度的作用并扭转不利局面，需要对其进行改革完善适应国情。笔者希望通过对陪审制的源起发展，域外陪审制的立法和司法实践，人民陪审员制度价值以及法律制度沿革等问题的阐述，以及对现行人民陪审员制度进行全面系统地分析，找出现行人民陪审员制度在司法实践中产生种种问题背后的原因并进一步找出解决之道。在现行体制下，不能仅仅局限于我国人民陪审员制度的不足，更应看到已经取得的成果及作用，在此基础上借鉴国外的优越之处，进而使该项制度与中国法律文化与司法实践匹配，努力建立符合我国社会特点和法律制度的具有中国特色的人民陪审员制度。由于人民陪审员制度属于“舶来品”，所以笔者首先对陪审制度的概念进行阐述为全文的立论提供逻辑起点，进而阐释陪审制度的价值以及存在的必要性，为后文对各国陪审员制度的陈述以及对我国人民陪审员制度的设立、沿革、问题以及未来解决之道提供分析路径和理论依据。对于我国人民陪审员制度司法实践与改革出现的尴尬境地，笔者认为主要是由于传统观念的束缚、法律规定不完备以及缺乏经济投入这些原因导致。但不能否认，人民陪审团制度本身存在的有利于司法民主、审判公开、减少司法专横司法腐败、促进人民法院正确处理案件等方面的积极价值，所以人民陪审员制度存在有其必要性。因而，在研究分析结果的基础上，笔者找到相关法律原则和法律精神对解决问题的启示以及有关制度和实践的可借鉴性，以解决我国人民陪审员制度在法律层面上的问题。本部分要解决的中心问题是人民陪审员制度如何进行观念的变革和法律制度的设计。通过将人民陪审员制度纳入宪法规定，赋予人民陪审员制度的宪法依据，为该制度法律法规的制定和未来的司法实践提供有力依据；然后从法律层面对人民陪审员制度整体进行构建，对适用人民陪审员制度的案件范围进行限定、对人民陪审员的选任标准进行合理化调整、对人民陪审员的遴选程序和队伍管理进行细致规定、明确人民陪审员所享有的权利和承担的义务、提高人民陪审员的经济补助以及设立配套法律措施完善对抗制诉讼模式和落实专家辅助人制度等方面进行全面的阐述。并希望宪法依据的设立和法律规定的完善能在解决人民陪审员制度现有问题的同时可以倒推有利于人民陪审员制度落到实处的积极的法律文化产生，切实培养公民的权利意识、增强公民主动参与管理国家事务的积极性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The people’s jury system is an important system of justice practice in our country.People’s jurors participate in trial cases, which can fully reflect the judicial democracyin socialist China. It is the important embodiment of the masses to participate innational management. People’s juries shall form a collegiate panel together with thejudges, which is a more direct and effective supervision of the trial and can achievegood effect in enhancing the construction of a clean government as well as promotingthe judicial justice. However, in recent years, the judicial practice of people’s jurysystem faces a variety of embarrassment. Lacking functions in the people’s jurysystem in judicial practice caused the purpose of people’s juror system is difficult toachieve, and democracy, supervision, open, fair is only in the legislators’ vision, thepeople’s juror system almost becomes a dead letter. Therefore, in order to completelysolve problems and improve the people’s jury system, the people’s juror systemshould be evaded in the judicial practice to ensure that the system can play their role.The author hope that find out the existing problems in the people’s jury system injudicial practice and the solution through introducing the value foundation of the jurysystem, extraterritorial legislation and judicial practice of the jury system, people’sjuror system value and expounds the problems of the legal system evolution. Underthe current system in China, we should give full play to the characteristics of thepeople’s jury system and absorb the advantages of foreign raise in order to make thissprout new legal system adapted to our country social characteristic and the legalsystem of the people’s juror system with Chinese characteristics.Because people’s jury system belongs to the "import", the author expounds theconcept of the jury system in order to providing the logical starting point for the fullcase. It discusses the value of the jury system and the necessity of existence andproviding an analysis path for the future solution and theoretical basis. Facing thepeople’s jury system in our country judicial practice and reform of the dilemma, theauthor thinks that is largely due to the bondage of traditional concept, legalregulations incompletely and lack of economic supporting. But we can not deny the fact that the inherent contradiction of the people’s jury system is conducive to thejudicial democracy and openness, reducing the arbitrary judicial corruption,promoting the right of the people’s court to handle the case of positive value, so thepeople’s juror system existence has its necessity.Therefore, based on the results of t the research and analysis, the author findrelevant legal principles and spirit of the law to solve the problem of the people’s jurysystem at the legal level in our country. The key problem of this section is to solve theproblem of the people’s juror system in order to carrying out the concept of changeand the design of the legal system. By the people’s jury system should be brought intothe constitution, which gives people’s juror system constitution basis and providepowerful basis for the system of law and judicial practice in the future.Then, itconstructs people’s jury system from the legal level, limits the scope of the people’sassessors system, and rationally adjusts the election standard for people’s juries.Meanwhile, it stipulates the selection process and team management of people’s juriesin details, defines the rights, obligations, and responsibilities of people’s juries,enhances the economic subsidy for people’s juries, establishes supportive legalmeasures, consummates adversarial litigation model, and implements expert assistantsystem. At the same time, the author hopes that the establishment of constitutionalbasis and legal stipulation can solve out some obvious problems of people’s jurysystem. He hopes it can promote the generation of positive legal culture that is goodfor the implementation of people’s assessor systems, thus cultivating people’sawareness about rights, as well as enhancing people’s active participation in themanagement of national affairs.更多还原