【作者】 周军；

【导师】 黄向明； 马永清；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 工业工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着通用航空的蓬勃发展，其对航空发动机的需求逐渐增大，但国内落后的航空发动机生产线已无法满足日益增长的社会需求。本文以A公司的航空活塞式发动机生产线为研究对象，针对航空发动机的生产特点，设计了一系列的改善方案。首先根据航空发动机的加工特性，将航空发动机生产线划分为零件机械加工生产线和总成装配生产线。然后根据这两种生产线的固有特性，结合国内外在生产线优化方面的相关技术，进行优化和改善。主要的研究内容有：（1）介绍了A公司的企业概况以及生产现状。利用设施规划的相关技术，分析了机械加工车间的设施布局，找出了机械加工生产线存在的主要问题。运用作业测定法测量了航空活塞发动机装配生产线各工序的作业时间，分析了装配生产线存在的不足。（2）针对航空活塞发动机机械加工生产线的存在的问题，运用直接簇聚算法将原生产线划分三种生产单元。设计了各生产单元的设施布局。依据各生产单元加工产品的加工工艺特性，规划了各生产单元在机械加工车间的位置，并绘制了机械加工车间的设施布局图。（3）针对装配生产线的不足，运用工作研究法，消除了装配生产线的瓶颈工序。在对装配生产线作业测定的基础上，利用启发式算法，重新分配了装配生产线的生产工位，分析了分配后装配生产线的平衡率。最后利用em-plant软件对优化后的装配线进行了仿真验证。（4）针对改善后航空活塞发动机生产线的维护，从四个方面提出了辅助基础管理建设方案：加强企业员工培训，培养多能工；推行标准作业制度，规范企业生产；实施6S管理和目视管理，改善生产现场环境；设立精益推进处，促进航空发动机生产线持续的改善。针对零件机械加工生产线的生产单元化改造，提高了设备以及人员的利用率，减少了搬运，缩短了搬运路线和搬运时间。利用工作研究法和启发式算法，消除了装配线的瓶颈工序，提高了装配线平衡率和装配线各工位的利用率以及整条装配线的生产率。最后，辅助基础管理建设维护了改进后生产线持续、高效的运作。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the vigorous development of the general aviation，the demand for aircraftengine gradually increased. But the backward aircraft engine production line indomestic is unable to meet the increasing social demand. In this paper, according tothe production characteristics of aviation engine, it took aviation piston engineproduction line of A company as the research object, and designed a series ofimprovement projects. First of all, based on the machining characteristic of aeroengine, aviation engine production line was divided into two parts: machining lineand assembly line. Then, according to the intrinsic characteristics of the twoproduction lines, and combining with the on line optimization related technology athome and abroad, production line was optimized and improved. The research contentsmainly include:(1)The paper introduced the general situation of A corporation as well as itsproduction status. By using relevant technologies of facilities, the facility layout ofmechanical processing workshop was analyzed, and on the basis of it, then the mainproblems of mechanical processing production line was summarize. According to theassembly line, the paper used work measurement method to measure operation time ofeach process in the assembly line of air piston engine. Then, the defects in theassembly line was analyzed by using related knowledge of production line balancingrate.(2) Point at the problems in machining production line of aviation piston engine,the original production line was divided into three production units through the directclustering algorithm. According to relevant technology of facilities layout in unitproduction line, the facility layout of each production unit was designed. On the basisof process characteristics of products in each production unit, the paper planed theposition of each production unit in the mechanical processing workshop, and drew themap of facility layout in mechanical processing workshop.(3)Aiming at the shortcomings of assembly line, the bottleneck process of theassembly line was eliminated by using the method of work study. On the basis of workmeasurement in assembly line, the paper redistributed the production location inassembly line through the heuristic algorithm. Then the paper analyzed the balancerate in assembly line after distribution by relevant technology of production linebalance. Finally, by using the em-plant, the optimized assembly line was simulated and verified.(4)In order to maintain the improved production line in aircraft piston engine, thepaper proposed the auxiliary infrastructure solutions from four aspects: strengthenedthe enterprise staff training, trained versatile worker; established the standardoperating system and standard production; implemented6S management and visualmanagement, improved the production environment; setup the lean for ward depart-ment, promoted the continuous improvement of the production line in aircraft piston.Through the transformation of cell production on parts machining productionline, the utilization rate of equipment and personnel was improved, the time oftransport routes and handling was reduced, and to some extent the processing cycletime of components was reduced. By using the method of work study and heuristicalgorithms, the bottleneck process in the assembly line was eliminated, the balancingrate in assembly line was improved, and the utilization rate of the each station inassembly line and the productivity of the whole line were also improved. Finally, theauxiliary infrastructure maintained continuous and efficient operation for theimproved production line.更多还原