【作者】 王静；

【导师】 武富礼； 闫世可；

【作者基本信息】 西安石油大学 ， 地质工程（专业学位）， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 川口油田隶属于延长油田股份有限公司，为油田公司所辖23个油田之一，而C33井区作为川口油田南部主力区块，主力油层为延长组长6油层，含油面积达12.2km2，上报探明储量559.4573×104t。但随着国内各行业对能源的不断需求，石油行业面临着非常严峻的形式。为了解决此问题，提高油区产能，适应油田高效注水开发要求，本论文在前人成果和基础资料分析研究的基础上，结合地质、测井、生产测试资料和生产动态特征，针对川口油田C33井区油藏层间、层内及平面非均质性严重、注水开发水驱波及体积小、储量动用程度低等特点，对研究区地层沉积特征、储层特征进行精细研究，对储层的岩石学、成岩作用、物性、孔隙结构、非均质性以及渗流等特征进行详细剖析，建立储层分类标准，并进一步对储层进行评价，为综合调整及剩余油挖潜措施提供优化依据，使该油藏合理高效开发。研究内容主要包括三个方面：1）储层岩石学及成岩作用研究；2）储层孔隙结构及其物性特征研究；3）储层非均质性精细表征。最终得到以下结论：1）长6油层主要为灰色细粒长石砂岩，矿物成熟度低，结构成熟度较高，指示较低能稳定的沉积环境。2）长6油层成岩作用十分强烈，现今主要处于晚成岩A期-晚成岩B期早期。压实作用、碳酸盐、粘土矿物、浊沸石的胶结作用是破坏储集层孔隙度、降低渗透率的主要因素；而粘土薄膜形成作用和溶蚀作用的发育则保存了原生粒间孔隙并且产生次生溶蚀孔隙，改善了储集层的物性。3）长6储层孔隙度最大值为18.06%，最小值为1.28%，平均值为9.21%；渗透率最大值14.10×10-3μm2，最小值<0.16×10-3μm2，平均值为1.44×10-3μm2。为低孔特低渗储层。4）长6的孔隙类型主要有残余粒间孔隙、溶蚀粒间孔隙、溶蚀粒内孔隙、填隙物内孔隙、溶蚀填隙物内孔隙、铸模孔隙、自生矿物晶间孔隙和裂缝孔隙。孔隙组合类型主要有残余粒间孔型、粒间孔-微孔型、溶蚀孔-微孔型、微孔型及复合型，属小孔-细喉型和小孔-微细喉型。据恒速压汞测试长6储层喉道半径分布区间0.2μm-0.7μm，孔隙半径分布区间100μm-200μm。喉道分布曲线偏细，孔隙偏粗，皆为近正态单峰态。根据碎屑岩孔喉分类标准，长6储层孔隙为大孔隙细喉道，喉道的连通性及迂曲度对渗透率影响至关重要。5）数据统计分析，研究区长6油组为中等偏强非均质性。但由于微裂缝的存在，实际上长6储层非均质性较严重。且随着三角洲前缘砂体的不断进积，储层非均质性有变强的趋势。6）长6储层为特低渗透储层，表现出不同于常规储层的渗流特征。7）根据储层物性、微观孔隙结构特征、毛管压力曲线特征以及储层非均质性特征综合分析，结合岩性和含油性，将研究区长6储层分为好（I类）、中等（II类）、差（III类）、非（IV类）储层4类，其中长611主要为I+II类储层，长612I+II类储层占57%；长613I+II类储层占37%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chuankou oilfield belongs to one of23oilfield affiliated with Yanchang Oil FieldCO.,LTD. And C33area is as the main exploitation of southern Chuankou oilfield, in whichuppermost oil layer is Chang-6reservoir of Yanchang Formation. Oil-bearing area can reach to12.2km2and reported proven reserves have numbers of559.4573tons. However, with the theever growing needs of energy by domestic industries, petroleum industry is faced with aserious situation.For solving these issues, improving the oilfield productivity and adapting to thedevelopment demands of efficiency development of water injection, Based on analysis of theprevious achievement and basic data and combining with geology, logging, production testdata and productive dynamic characteristics, this study aims to solving the problems in C33area of Chuankou oilfeild, including strong horizontal heterogeneity in planes, inter layers andinterior layers, water driving wave and limited volume during waterflooding and low degree ofproducing reserves. And this article has a detailed research on depositional and reservoircharacteristics, especially on petrology, diagenesis, physical property, pore structure,anisotropy and percolation. Then this research could establish the reservoir classificationstandard and further reservoir evaluation for comprehensive adjustment, measures ofexcavating remaining oil potential and efficient and rational development of reservoirs. Theresearching contents conclude the following three parts:1)reservoir petrology and diagenesis.2)pore structure and physical property.3)detailed characterization on anisotropy.Finally, this study gets the following conclusions:1)The lithology of Chang6reservoir ismainly gray fine-grained feldspar sandstone with lower mineral maturity, high structuralmaturity, which could indicate a low-energy and stable sedimentary environment.2)Chang6reservoir has strong diagenesis which is between late A phase and early late B phase. The mainreasons of destroying reservoir porosity and decreasing permeability are compaction andcementation of carbonate, clay minerals and laumonite. But the development of clay filmformation and dissolution protect primary pores and the secondary pores and improve the reservoir physical properties.3)The max porosity of Chang6reservoir is18.06%. Minimumporosity is1.28%. Average porosity is9.21%. The max permeability of Chang6reservoir is14.10×10-3μm2. Minimum permeability is less than0.16×10-3μm2. Average permeability is1.44×10-3μm2. Chang6reservoir could be defined as low pore and low permeability reservoir.4)The pore types of Chang6are residual intergranular pore, chemical erosion intergranularpores, chemical erosion intragranular pore, pore in the filler content, pore in the filler contentin chemical erosion, moldic pore, authigenic mineral intercrystal pore and fracture pore. Thepore assembly types are mainly Residual intergranular pore type, intergranularpores-micropore type, corrosion holes-micropore type, micropore type and compound type,which belongs to orifice-thin throats type and orifice-micro-thin throats type. According to rate-controlled test, distribution interval of Chang6throat radius is between0.2μm and0.7μm.The distribution interval of Chang6pore radius is between100μm and200μm. Throatdistribution curve is fine. The pore is coarse. It is nearly normal unimodality. According topore-throat classification standards of clastic rock, reservoir pore of Chang6is bigger poresand thin throats. The connectivity and tortuosity of the throat have a significant influence onpermeability.5)Statistic analysis of data shows Chang6reservoir in researching area appearsmedium to strong heterogeneity. But due to existence of micro-fracture, the heterogeneity ofChang6reservoir is more serious. And with constant progradation of sand in delta front, theheterogeneity of reservoir shows stronger trend.6)Chang6reservoir belongs to the extremelylow permeability reservoir which shows different seepage characteristics with normal reservoir.7)Based on the comprehensive analysis on reservoir physical property, microscopic reservoirpore structure characteristics, capillary pressure curves characteristics and reservoirheterogeneity characteristics, meanwhile combining with lithology and oil-bearing strata,Chang6reservoir in researching area could be divided into four types which are good(I type),medium(II type), bad(III type) and non(IV type) reservoir. And Chang611is mainly I+II typereservoir. I+II type reservoir of Chang612is accounting for57%. I+II type reservoir of Chang613is accounting for37%.更多还原