【作者】 张玉；

【导师】 肖贵蓉；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 旅游管理， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 海岛经济将成为中国经济的下一个增长极,蓝色经济圈的发展越来越受到国家的重视。我国海岛资源丰富,海岛资源的开发与利用对建设经济强国具有重大的战略意义。海岛旅游业在现代旅游业领域中发展尤为迅速,海岛旅游这种旅游业形式已在我国旅游业中取得了很大进展并成为许多国家和地区规划中不可缺少的项目。一方面,海岛旅游资源的开发将会促进海洋经济的快速发展,由原始的农业、渔业向餐饮、娱乐等服务业转型,对改善当地的产业结构有一定的帮助；另一方面,旅游也加快了海岛资源的开发和破坏的进程,在一定程度上破坏原有的生态系统,降低海岛生态的自身防御能力。本研究在全面搜集旅游海岛生态安全因素的前提下,以旅游海岛生态安全概念为切入点,以DPSIR框架为研究基础,建立生态安全评价指标体系。以长海县为研究基础,利用生态安全模型对长海县海岛的生态安全水平加以评价,指为旅游型海岛生态安全保护与评价提供参考和借鉴。首先,本文对旅游海岛生态安全相关概念进行界定。包括旅游海岛的范围,海岛生态安全的概念以及旅游海岛生态安全影响因素等等。通过研究,识别出影响旅游海岛生态安全的重要因子并加以归类。如影响海岛生态系统的自然因素、社会因素、经济因素等等。其次,结合海岛区域的特殊性和脆弱性以及现有的相关研究,总结海岛生态安全应包含的特点。本文立足于海岛环境自身的特点,将生态安全概念与DPSIR模型结合,建立了具备适应性和权威性的海岛生态安全评价指标体系。第三,通过熵权法确定指标权重。熵权法是作为一种客观赋权法,已在多个领域得到应用和推广。熵权法与方差赋权法相似,根据指标能够提供的信息量的大小确定其权重的一种赋权方法。然后应用综合指数法进行数据分析与计算,包括指标体系准则层、因素层的表现结果。对长海县旅游海岛的静态和动态进行分析,提出主要影响因素和综合变化趋势。从静态和动态不同角度对旅游海岛生态安全进行全面评价,发现主要影响指标并总结综合变化趋势。最后,通过对长海县为例的旅游型海岛生态安全评价指标体系的研究发现：第三产业占GDP比重、旅游人数与当地人口比值等四个指标为影响旅游海岛生态安全水平的重要因素；状态和压力两个维度的指标是长海县旅游海岛综合评价分数最低的指标,因此可以着重对状态、压力采取补救和降低措施；响应指标是长海县五年中变化幅度最大的指标维度,说明长海县尚未持续贯彻积极的改善措施,对长海县诸多旅游海岛的生态安全水平造成一定影响；综合而言,长海县旅游海岛生态安全状况在研究期间呈逐步下降趋势,急需对此制定一系列综合措施进行积极响应。更多还原

【Abstract】 The island’s economy will become the next Chinese economy growth pole, and blue economic zone’s development has caught more and more attention of the country. China has abundant island resources, so the development and utilization of these resources is of great strategic significance for the construction of economic power. Island tourism has developed rapidly especially in the field of modern tourism industry. This form of tourism has made great progress in China’s tourism industry and become an indispensable project in planning in many countries and regions. On the one hand, the development of island tourism promotes the development of the marine economy, helps the transition from the primitive agriculture, fisheries to the third industry and optimizes the local industrial structure. On the other hand, tourism has also accelerated the process of island resources’ destruction, to a certain extent, destroyed the original ecosystem and reduced their ecological defense capabilities.Based on a comprehensive collection of factors about the tourist island’s ecological security, this study takes the ecological safety concept as a starting point and establishes tourist island ecological security evaluation index system.In order to provide a basis for tourist island ecological security evaluation and decision making, the study uses the model to evaluate Changhai island.Firstly, concepts relating to tourism island ecological security are defined, including the scope of tourist island, the island’s ecological safety and the related factors, followed by the identification and classification of important factors affecting the ecological security of tourist island, such as the natural, social and economic factors, etc.Secondly, with reference to the particularity and vulnerability of the island regions as well as existing research, the study summarizes the island ecological security and its features. Based on the concept of ecological security and DPSIR model, an ecological evaluation system which is flexible and authoritative is established.Thirdly, the index weight is determined by entropy method. Entropy method is an objective weighting method and has been applied in many fields. Similar to variance weighting method, entropy method determines indicator’s weight based on the size of information it could provide. With application of the comprehensive index method, relevant data are calculated and analyzed, including the performance of sub-criterion layer and factor layer. Finally, through in-depth study of ecological security evaluation index system of tourist island, we find out:The proportion of tertiary industry in GDP, the ratio of the number of tourists and the local population, ect, are the most important four factors; Two dimensions of state and pressure indicators are the lowest performance indexes, so we can focus on these indexes to reduce the pressure to take remedial measures; Response indicators are the Most volatile indicators in this five years, indicating the local government yet continued to implement positive improvements, causing some impact on ecological security of the research subject; Overall, Changhai tourist islands ecological security situation showed a gradual downward trend during the study period, and urgent to develop a series of comprehensive measures to this situation.更多还原