【作者】 王丽；

【导师】 孙彩霞；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 生态学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着转基因抗虫棉占我国植棉面积比例的迅猛上升以及棉田土壤的盐碱化程度加重,研究转基因抗虫棉对各种盐胁迫的响应机理对于转基因抗虫棉的安全可持续栽培愈显重要。本文通过盆栽试验,以转基因抗虫棉91Bt,507Bt,中30及其非转基因对照97,507,中16为材料,研究了其在不同盐浓度(0,50,200mmol·L-1)及不同持续时间(7d,15d,21d)处理下,光合水气交换参数、反射光谱及其特征参数、光合相关蛋白以及代谢物轮廓等响应特征。研究结果表明,盐胁迫可明显影响供试棉花的光合水气交换参数、反射光谱曲线以及光合色素及蛋白的含量,且随盐胁迫程度的加重影响愈加明显。转基因抗虫棉与其非转基因对照的光合水气交换参数及反射光谱曲线对盐胁迫响应的差异与品种有关。其中,转基因抗虫棉品种(97Bt,507Bt)的光合水气交换参数及可见光区内的光谱反射率均比非转基因对照品种(97,507)对盐胁迫更敏感,而转基因抗虫棉品种中30与其非转基因对照品种中16未表现出明显的差异。所有转基因棉花品种与其非转基因对照品种的反射光谱特征指数NDVI、RRed/RGreen、NIRR800、PRI、γRE对盐胁迫响应无显著差异。核磁共振氢谱的主成分分析结果表明,所有供试棉花品种在无盐与重度盐胁迫处理下的代谢物轮廓在主成分2水平上有明显的分类,差异主要体现在细胞膜相关代谢物,糖类,渗透调节物,转氨酶产物及莽草酸途径代谢物上；供试转基因抗虫棉与其非转基因对照对盐胁迫的代谢物轮廓的响应无明显分类。热图分析表明,供试棉花品种浓度最高的代谢物是细胞膜相关代谢物及渗透调节相关代谢物,而氨基酸类代谢物整体水平较低。糖类中,只有果糖浓度较高,其他表现出与品种及盐胁迫程度相关的变化趋势。单因素方差分析表明,转基因抗虫棉97Bt,507Bt,中30在盐胁迫下对主成分分析起主要贡献的蔗糖、果糖、肌醇等10种代谢物的变化与其非转基因对照97,507,中16有明显不同且响应差异具有品种特性,转基因棉花品种对盐胁迫的代谢响应较非转基因对照更为敏感。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid rise of transgenic Bt cotton accounted in the proportion of cotton area planted in China as well as the increasing severity of soil salinization, the study of genetically modified cotton’s response mechanism to a variety of salt stress is markedly important for the safe and sustainable cultivation of genetically modified cotton. In the paper, through pot experiment, transgenic cotton91Bt,507Bt, Z30and their non-transgenic control97,507, Z16were used to study the response characteristics, such as photosynthetic water gas exchange parameters, the reflectance spectrum and its characteristic parameters, photosynthetic proteins and metabolite profile, at different salt concentrations (0,50,200mmol·L-1) and duration (7d,15d,21d), respectively.The results show that salt stress can significantly affect the photosynthetic water gas exchange parameters, the reflectance spectral curves and photosynthetic pigment and protein content of the tested cotton, and the more serious salt stress is, the more obvious changes are. The response differences of photosynthetic water gas exchange parameters and reflectance spectra curves to salt stress between transgenic Bt cottons and their non-transgenic controls depend on the varieties. Among them, compared to their non-transgenic controls (97,507), the transgenic cottons’(97Bt,507Bt) water gas exchange parameters of photosynthesis and spectral reflectance in the visible light region are more sensitive to salt stress, while the transgenic cotton Z30and its non-transgenic control Z16do not show significant differences in the response to salt stress. There are no significant differences in the spectral reflectance characteristics index (NDVI, RRed/RGreen, NIRR800, PRI, γRE) responsing to salt stress between the transgenic cottons and their non-transgenic controls. The principal component analysis of the H1NMR shows the metabolite profiles of all the tested cotton under non-salt and severe salt stress have apparent classification in the level of the principal component2. The difference is mainly focused on the cell membrane-related metabolites, sugar, osmo-regulation metabolites, transaminase products, the shikimate pathway metabolites; There are no apparent classification on the response of the metabolite profiles to salt stress between all the transgenic Bt cottons and their non-transgenic controls. Heatmap analysis indicates that the highest concentrations of metabolites are membrane-related metabolites and osmo-regulation metabolites, while the overall level of amino acid metabolites is lower. Sugars, only the concentration of fructose is higher, the others show the change trends that related to the cotton varivties and the degree of salt stress. One-way ANOVA shows that the changes of10kinds of metabolites, such as sucrose, fructose, and nositol, which play a major contribution to the principal component analysis are significantly different between the transgenic cotton97Bt,501Bt, Z30and their non-transgenic control97,507and Z16, and the differences in response to salt stress depend on cotton varieties. In generally, genetically modified cottons response more sensitive to salt stress than their non-transgenic controls.更多还原