【作者】 王文涛；

【导师】 黄敏；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 系统工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着移动通信技术的迅速发展,移动通信市场的竞争愈发激烈。面对这种形势,快速提供业务、降低运营成本、提高通信质量是运营商在市场竞争中胜出的关键因素,而这些关键因素的焦点又在基础网络的构建上。一个优秀的网络规划方案能大大提高网络的整体能力。无线网络规划内容包括业务量估计、基站规划、频率规划、信道规划、系统仿真优化,以及针对不同业务的规划。其中基站规划起着承上启下的重要作用,是网络规划的重要内容。而且基站规划和运营商网络投资收益直接相关,约占网络总投资的三分之二,一直是无线网络规划研究中的热点。因此基站规划问题研究具有很好的理论和现实意义。本文是以WCDMA系统为主要研究对象,对WCDMA无线网络基站规划问题进行研究。WCDMA无线网络基站规划的目标是在考虑所覆盖区域环境特点、业务分布特点的基础上,对基站的站址及相关参数进行规划,使无线网络在覆盖、容量、成本及质量方面达到平衡,并满足当前业务需要以及适应网络未来发展需要和扩容要求。而其中备选基站不仅是基站规划的依据,也是无线网络生成后实际性能优劣的关键点,因此有必要对备选基站的确定方法做专门的分析。本文的主要内容如下：(1)在查阅国内外大量文献的基础上对WCDMA基站规划问题模型和算法进行了总结分析,并介绍了WCDMA网络系统及其基站规划基础理论,包括扩频通信原理、规划目标、性能指标等。(2)针对备选基站的确定,提出了基于传统预规划和数学模型的两种方法。并用一个实例分别得到两组备选基站集,通过对比发现：传统预规划方法虽然也有大量的科学运算过程,但更注重人工的经验,工程师可以对整个网络的后续发展和性能可以进行人为控制；通过基于数学模型的方法可以获得满足网络要求的最小数目基站站址,能大大减少基站建设成本,但选取不合理基站站址的概率很大,因此本文加入专家验证的过程,使其更符合实际。(3)针对网络实际覆盖要求,并在获得的两组备选基站的基础上,以最小化基站建设数目为目标建立了WCDMA基站规划模型,并用遗传算法求解。运算结果表明：数学模型方法确定的备选基站集选取的基站数目要少于传统预规划方法,但后者的覆盖效果更好一些。因此,若数学模型选取的基站组网后网络覆盖范围在运营商可接受范围内,则采用基于数学模型选取备选基站较好,能有效降低成本；若建设成本允许,运营商希望规划后网络覆盖效果更好,则选用传统预规划方法较好。本论文的研究工作为现实生活中无线通讯网络基站选址优化问题提供了有效的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the mobile communications market is more and more competitive. Faced with this situation, rapid business, reducing operating costs, improving communication quality is the key factors winning in the market competition for the operators, but the focus of these key factors is in the underlying network architecture. A good network planning program can greatly increase the overall capacity of the network. The wireless network planning includes traffic estimates, the base station planning, frequency planning, channel planning, system simulation and optimization, and planning for different business. The base station planning plays an important role in a connecting in network planning, and also is an important part of network planning. The base station planning is directly related to the operator’s network investment income, which accounting for nearly2/3of the total investment. The base station planning has been a hot topic in wireless network planning. Therefore, the base station planning problem has a good theoretical and practical significance.This article is based on the WCDMA system, and takes the WCDMA radio network base station planning problem as the main object of study. WCDMA radio network base station planning objectives are considering the regional characteristics of the environment, business distribution characteristics in covered, and planning for the station site and the related parameters of the base station, wireless network coverage, capacity, cost and quality of balance, and to meet current business needs and adapt to the network for the future development and expansion requirements. The alternative base station is not only the basis of the base station planning, but also the merits of the key points of the actual performance of the wireless network. Therefore, it is necessary for specialized analysis of the alternative method of the base station. The main content is as follows:(1) On the basis of access to a large number of domestic and foreign literature, WCDMA base station planning problem models and algorithms are summarized and analyzed. We also describes WCDMA network system and its basis theory for base station planning, including spread spectrum communication theory, planning objectives, performance indicators;(2) For the alternative base station, we propose two methods based on traditional pre-planning and mathematical models. And we get two sets of options for the base station by setting an example. By contrast, we found:the traditional pre-planning methods, although having a large number of scientific computing process, pay more attention to the artificial experience, and Engineers can artificially control the performance of the entire network and the subsequent development; The method based on mathematical models can get to meet network requirements for the minimum number of base station sites, which can greatly reduce the base station construction costs, but the probability of select unreasonable base station sites is huge,so we add expert verification process and make it more realistic(3) For the network actual coverage requirements, a WCDMA base station programming model is proposed on the basis of the obtained two sets of options for the base station. Genetic Algorithm is used to solve this model. For the number of base stations select from the alternative base station sets, the mathematical modeling method can select less than the traditional pre-planning method, but the latter cover better. So, if the network coverage of the mathematical model method is within the acceptable range of operators, it is used to select the alternative base station sites, because it can effectively reduce costs; if construction costs allow operators hope planning better network coverage, the pre-planning method is better.This research of this paper provided an effective method for wireless communication network base station location optimization problem in real life.更多还原