【作者】 李艳；

【导师】 谷传华；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 应用心理， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,积极心理学被人们普遍关注,人积极的心理品质更是心理学家分析和研究的重要课题之一。感恩也随之受到关注。感恩被认为是一种道德品质、人格特质、情感特质、积极的认知和归因等,虽然没有统一的界定,但感恩被学者们证明与积极的情绪、幸福感、亲社会行为、心理健康等有着密切的关系。所以感恩研究应该打破仅局限于理论研究的藩篱,通过理论和实际相结合,将对感恩研究得到的各项成果,合理应用在社会各界,如教育和临床方面。采用感恩干预手段,进一步将个体的感恩倾向提高,可以有效避免和解决心理问题,这有着重大的现实意义。在我国大学生的感恩缺失现象频出,高校感恩教育落后的背景下,本研究以高职生为研究对象,通过实验法探索不同的感恩干预方式所取得的效果,主要目的是充实感恩教育研究的综述,研究制定感恩教育方法,进一步从理论实践方面提出培养学生的感恩能力的方法。本研究包括研究一“感恩视频干预的实验研究”和研究二“感恩视频与细数恩惠共同干预的实验研究”。研究一通过对160位高职生进行感恩问卷GQ-6的测试,筛选出38位低感恩水平的被试,设置实验组和对照组,实验组进行感恩视频干预,对照组不予任何实验处理。感恩视频干预包含“感恩父母、感恩社会、感恩师长、感恩美好自然环境”四大主题,要求被试每周观看1个主题视频,每次30分钟,持续4周。对照组在自然状态下学习和生活。经过4周的实验,对实验组和对照组进行感恩问卷GQ-6的重测。研究结果显示,感恩视频干预能够提升高职生的感恩水平。研究二通过对206位高职生进行感恩问卷GQ-6的测试,筛选出88位低感恩水平的被试,设置实验组一、实验组二和对照组,实验组一进行感恩视频和细数恩惠的共同干预,实验组二仅仅进行感恩视频干预,对照组不予任何实验处理。实验组一的被试每天通过新媒体记录至少一条生活中值得感恩的人、事、物,并同时参与每周1次感恩视频的观看。实验组二被试仅仅每周观看1次感恩视频。经过4周的感恩干预,对实验组一、实验组二和对照组的被试进行感恩问卷GQ-6的重测。研究显示：(1)感恩视频和细数恩惠共同干预能够提高高职生的感恩水平。(2)仅仅进行感恩视频干预能够提升高职生的感恩水平。(3)运用感恩视频和细数恩惠共同干预提升高职生感恩水平的效果没有优于仅仅进行感恩视频干预。更多还原

【Abstract】 As Positive psychology growing, psychologists will put more and more focus on people’s positive psychological quality, along with it gratitude will gain more attention. Gratitude is defined as a moral character, personality feature, emotional feature, cognitive and attribution. Although there is no unified definition of gratitude, but it was proved by scholars that it has close relationship with positive emotion, happiness, pro-social behaviour and mental health. So we should not only do the gratitude research in theory, but also apply theory in reality. It is of great practical significance that we apply the achievements of gratitude research in clinical, educational and social aspects, enhance individual grateful disposition through gratitude intervention, thus prevent and solve psychological problems. At the background of serious lack of gratitude among college students and the educational backwardness in China, this research will take the vocational college students on as the object to explore effects of different gratitude interventions by experiments, It aims to further enrich the gratitude research in education, put forward the gratitude education methods, and provide theoretical evidence for cultivation of students’ gratitude quality.The study included "gratitude video intervention study" and "gratitude video and counting blessing of common intervention study". In study one, we gave160vocational college students a test of gratitude questionnaire GQ-6, and selected38subjects with low level of gratitude, then divided them into two groups which were experimental group and control group, the experimental group was given gratitude video intervention, the control group was not given any treatment. Gratitude video intervention included4major subjects, that is be grateful to parents, society, teachers and beautiful natural environment. The subjects in experimental group were required to watch one subject of the gratitude video each week,30minutes one time and it last4weeks. The subjects in control group lived in normal life. After4weeks, the gratitude questionnaire GQ-6was retested by experimental group and the control group. The results showed that video intervention can enhance the students’ gratitude level. In study two, we gave206vocational college students a test of gratitude questionnaire GQ-6, and selected88subjects with low level of gratitude, then divided them into three groups which were experimental group1, experimental group2and control group, the experimental group1was given both gratitude and counting blessing intervention, experimental group2was given only gratitude video intervention, the control group was not given any experimental treatment. The students in experimental group1were asked to write down at least one thing he felt grateful to each day, including people, activities or objects, they were also required to watch one gratitude video once a week. The students in experimental group2were only asked to watch one gratitude video once a week. After4weeks of gratitude intervention, the students in the three groups were tested GQ-6again. The results of study two showed that:(1) Intervention of watching gratitude video and counting blessing together can improve gratitude level of vocational college students.(2) Intervention of watching gratitude can also improve gratitude level of vocational college students.(3) The effects brought by giving intervention of watching gratitude video and counting blessing together is not better than only giving the intervention of watching gratitude video.更多还原