【作者】 刘娅；

【导师】 洪长清；

【作者基本信息】 湖北大学 ， 运动人体科学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 研究目的：本研究以湖北省一级优秀男子公开级赛艇运动员备战第十二届全国运动会期间的机能评定问题为出发点,望能寻找出几类生理生化指标在赛艇项目机能评定中的有效性,以及各项指标在夏训与冬训中的变化与训练的相关性。以期为今后赛艇运动员的机能评定和赛艇项目制定更加科学的训练计划提供一定的参考。研究方法：本文以湖北省一级优秀男子公开级赛艇运动员为研究对象(共十名),通过对赛艇队从2012年4月至2013年4月指标的跟踪测试,其中2012年4月到8月为夏训期,共十八周；2012年11月到2013年2月为冬训期,共十周。对部分指标如：血清肌酸激酶(CK)、血尿素(BU)、血红蛋白(HB)在每周一晨起采静脉血进行测定；对血睾酮(T)在冬训前中后,分别采静脉血进行测定；在冬训期间实时应用赛艇测功仪进行三级负荷及2000m、3500m测试并记录相应成绩、功率、心率和运动后即刻乳酸值。探讨各项指标在夏训与冬训不同类型的训练中变化规律；成绩与桨频、心率和血乳酸之间的相关性。结果与结论：1.本次监控选用的各项指标反映了运动员的机能状况,同时反映了运动员对训练量及训练强度的适应情况,能够及时的反应运动员在不同训练周期中的身体机能状况,确保了教练员根据运动员的状态及时调整训练计划,确保训练任务的顺利完成。虽然在不同训练周期中各项指标均有起伏,但都在正常范围,说明训练量、训练强度较合理,对运动员的机体产生了有效的刺激,是有利与运动员运动成绩提高的。2.血红蛋白、血尿素、血清肌酸激酶、血睾酮等指标的综合使用,可以作为赛艇运动员不同训练周期期间机能评定的有效指标,能够比较准确的反映各周期间的训练特点,可以比较客观的反映运动员的机能状态,防止过度训练和疲劳具有可靠的参考价值。3.湖北省男子公开级运动员2000m测试成绩与所对应的乳酸阈功率呈高度负相关(r=-0.996,P<0.01),具有非常显著性差异；3500m测试成绩与所对应的乳酸阈功率呈高度负相关(r=-0.998,P<0.01),具有非常显著性差异。4.在赛艇测功仪三级负荷中,每一级负荷中心率与血乳酸都呈较高的相关性,分别为r=0.304、r=0.503、r=0.635。并且强度越高,相关性越大。因此,在平时的训练中,可以根据运动员不同负荷时的心率,推断出血乳酸值。通过血乳酸值来掌握运动员运动时的代谢能力。5.冬训期间运动员的乳酸功率在两次测试中呈现明显上升,具有非常显著性差异P(<0.01),表明长时间系统的有氧训练能显著地提高运动员的乳酸功率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Object:The paper regards Hubei heavy weight men of2013the12th National Game as research object, by discussing the physiological and biochemical indexes is used to train monitoring method and the training of rowing characteristics, hoping to find a few kinds of physiological and biochemical indexes in each cycle training change rule and the biochemical indexes and the relationship between the training content. Rowing projects for the future provide certain reference for a more scientific training plan.Methods:In the process of several training cycle, rowing athletes of men’s public category in Hubei province part of the function index such as:CK、BU、HB and T, determine the periodic system, repeated measures analysis of monitoring data, record the mean difference in the cycle of each index; Combined with the athlete’s training program, analysis exercise intensity and more than a few measures of functional relations between the changes. And real-time application rowing a triple dynamometer load and2000meter and3500meter tests, using lactic acid threshold power to analyze and evaluate the training effect.Results and Conclusions:1. Choose the monitoring indicators reflect the function of athletes, reflects the training volume and training intensity of athletes at the same time to adapt to the situation, can timely reaction athletes body function condition in different training period, ensures that the coaches adjust timely according to the state of the athletes training plan, and ensure the smooth completion of the training mission. Although all the indexes in different training cycle there are ups and downs, but all in the normal range, that more reasonable training volume and training intensity, has effective stimulation on the athlete’s body, is advantageous and the athletes improve performance.2. The HB、BU、CK and T measures such as comprehensive use, can be used as a function of rowing athletes during the different training cycle assessment of effective index, can more accurately reflect the training characteristics of each week, can objectively reflect the functional status of athletes, and prevent excessive training fatigue has reliable reference value.3. The man in Hubei province public athletes2000meter test scores and the lactate threshold power of the corresponding is highly negative correlation (r=0.996, P<0.01), with very significant difference;3500meter test scores and the lactate threshold power of the corresponding is highly negative correlation (r=0.998,P<0.01), with very significant difference.4. In rowing tertiary dynamometer load center of each level load rate and blood lactic acid is a high correlation, r=0.304respectively, r=0.503, r=0.635. And the higher the intensity, the greater the correlation. In the usual training, therefore, can according to the different load when the heart rate, lactic acid value inference bleeding. By blood lactic acid value to hold during the movement, the metabolic ability.5. During the winter training athletes lactic acid power rising significantly in the two tests, with very significant difference (P<0.01), the system for a long time of aerobic training can significantly improve the athletes’power of lactic acid.更多还原