【作者】 张慧；

【导师】 李毓陵；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 纺织生物材料与技术， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们生活水平的不断提高,身体的健康状况和国家的医疗水平越来越受到广泛关注。血管类疾病是常见的健康问题之一,血管是身体血液的运输通道,当血管由于老化、血栓或者损伤而无法正常工作时,人类的生命随之受到威胁。因此,血管的置换、搭桥等外科手术应运而生,每年全球都有数目可观的血管外科手术促进了人造血管的深入研究。目前,较大直径人造血管替代大动脉的研究已经相对成熟,然而直径小于6m的用于替代小动脉和静脉的人造血管的临床应用还有待改善。其中主要原因是移植后出现血栓和新生内膜增厚,引起血管堵塞,最终导致血管移植失败。所以,小直径人造血管的远期通畅率已经成为现在研究的重点。目前限制我国小直径人造血管研发的问题表现在我国缺乏对人造血管生物力学性能表征的研究,在研发过程中没有合适的测试手段对产品的质量进行体外监测和评价,只通过短期的动物实验进行研究。对于体外力学性能的测试多是静态的,缺乏与人体环境相似的动态试验。而单纯的静态力学性能并不能完整的表征人造血管的生物力学性能,还需要进一步模拟人体动态环境进行测试,从而更好的评价人造血管的实际可用性。由于小血管植入后发生再狭窄的原因是多方面的,其中一个重要的影响因素就是小血管的径向顺应性。本课题针对小直径人造血管的研究现状,将静电纺成型技术、静电纺纤维的表征技术、小血管的动态测试技术以及细胞生物评价技术结合在一起,主要开展的研究和论文的结构包括：第一章主要综述了人造血管,特别是小直径人造血管的研究现状和显存问题,以及医学上对人造血管性能的要求和表征参数,同时,介绍了静电纺小直径人造血管的研究现状。第二章我们选取了力学性能优良,结构稳定的PET作为基材,对PET进行静电纺小直径人造血管的制备,讨论了溶液参数和工艺参数对小血管结构和形态的影响。第三章对静电纺设备进行了改进,从接收装置的形态变化出发,制备了不同结构参数的小血管,包括直型、锥形、直型波纹化、锥形波纹化,以及不同锥度和不同波纹化螺旋头数的小血管,旨在深入讨论小血管结构变化对PET基小血管动态顺应性能的影响,为改善血管在应用过程中的远期通畅性做基础研究工作。第四章中讨论了PET基小血管的细胞培养试验,讨论了波纹化前后PET基小血管的细胞增殖情况,结果表明：PET基小血管的细胞增殖效果较好。波纹化对血管管壁细胞的增殖有一定的影响,波纹化后细胞增殖较波纹化前降低,但波纹化的螺纹头数不同,细胞增殖并没有显示出明显的差异。第五章进行了课题的总结和展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous improvement of people’s living standard, physical health and the national level of medical care are more and more widely attentioned. Vascular disease is one of the most common health problems, Blood vessels is the transport corridor of body’s blood, when the blood vessels due to aging, thrombosis, or damage can’t normally work, human life is threatened. So, vascular replacement, bypass ect. surgery arises at the historic moment, every year, the world has a considerable number of vascular surgery to promote the further research of the artificial blood vessels.At present, studies of larger diameter artificial blood vessel to replace artery have been relatively mature, however, clinical application of the artificial blood vessels of less than6mm in diameter used to replace the small arteries and veins has yet to be improved. The main reason is that thrombosis and neointimal thickening appear after transplantation, cause blood clots, eventually lead to vascular transplantation failure. So, the long-term patency rate of small diameter artificial blood vessels has become the research focus now.Now, the problem to restrict artificial blood vessel development in our country is the lack of the study of artificial blood vessel’s biomechanical properties characterization, in the process of research and development, there is no proper test methods to monitor and evaluate in vitro of the quality of the products, only through short-term animal experimental to study. Most of test on the mechanical properties in vitro is static, lack the dynamic test be similar to the human environment. And simple static mechanics performance cannot completely characterize the biomechanical properties of artificial blood vessels; also need to further simulate conditions of human for dynamic test, to better evaluate the actual availability of artificial blood vessels. The reason that restenosis occurs after implantation of the small blood vessels is multifaceted, one of the important influence factors is the radial compliance of small blood vessels.Against the research situation of artificial blood vessels, this paper organically combines the electrostatic spinning forming technology, the characterization techniques to electrostatic spinning fiber, the dynamic testing technology to small vessels and cell biological evaluation technology together, The main study and thesis structure including:The first chapter mainly summarizes the artificial blood vessels, especially the research status and significant problems of small diameter artificial blood vessels, and medical requirements and characterization parameters to the properties of artificial blood vessels, at the same time; this paper introduces the research status of the electrostatic spinning small diameter artificial blood vessels.In the second chapter, we selected PET that has excellent mechanical properties and structure stability as base material, then used PET to prepare electrostatic spinning small diameter artificial blood vessels, discussed the influence of the solution and process parameters on the structure and morphology of the small blood vessels.In the third chapter, electrostatic spinning equipment was improved, from the morphological changes of receivers, prepared small blood vessels of different structure parameters, including straight, tapered, straight type corrugated and conical corrugated, as well as small blood vessels of different taper and corrugated spiral number, to further discuss the influence of small blood vessels structure change to the PET small blood vessel dynamic performance.In the fourth chapter, cell culture test of PET small blood vessels had been discussed, and the cell proliferation of PET small blood vessels before and after corrugated also be studied. The results show that:the cell proliferation effect of PET small vessels was better. Corrugation had certain influence on the cell proliferation of blood vessel wall, cell proliferation reduced after corrugated than that before corrugated, but corrugated spiral number differed, cell proliferation did not show obvious differences.In the fifth chapter, the topic was summarized and prospected.更多还原