【作者】 杨敏；

【导师】 庞明宝；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 交通运输工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 匝道控制、可变速度限制是针对如高速公路、城市快速路等具有连续交通流特征的道路提高交通效率、抑制交通拥堵、保证交通安全的重要手段，特别是随着智能交通系统、物联网技术的快速发展，信息采集、发布技术的自动化与经济化，综合匝道控制、可变速度限制的协调控制将成为连续交通流道路管理控制的重要策略。虽然已有的部分研究已证实该方法的有效性，但这些研究是从一般交通管理控制角度，不涉及交通流的非线性；研究重点在控制模型的选择、控制器具体参数的辨识方面；具体控制信号施加方面有单一匝道控制、单一主线控制的研究，不涉及到高速公路协调控制信号施加条件的研究。基于此，本文对由一个入口匝道和一段主线组成的高速公路区段协调控制信号施加进行研究，主要工作可概括为以下几方面：（1）在交通流对称型双车道（symmetric two-lane Nagel-Schreckenberg，STNS）元胞自动机模型基础上，建立仅包含一个入口匝道和一段主线组成的高速公路协调控制区段元胞自动机模型，为高速公路协调控制信号施加研究提供基本模型和基础平台，为高速公路管理、控制，以及高速公路规划设计、交通安全研究提供基础工具。（2）对研究对象实施不同控制信号策略的交通流特性进行了仿真，分析了不同的交通状态、主线上游流量和匝道需求下，分别实施不施加控制信号、仅施加匝道控制信号、仅施加可变速度限制信号、匝道控制和可变速度限制信号均施加四种方式对道路实际通行能力和交通流的影响。结果表明协调控制作为高速公路管理控制的主要手段，具有较好的适用性，针对不同交通需求，分别采取不同的控制信号施加策略，可达到减少车辆总通行时间、抑制交通拥堵从而提高道路实际通行能力的目的。（3）对研究对象在交通需求变化的情况下，运用最佳控制策略施加信号进行仿真，与施加主线可变速度限制信号、施加匝道控制信号、匝道控制与主线可变速度限制信号均施加的效果进行分析比较。结果表明在不同交通需求变化的情况下，运用协调控制最佳控制策略相图进行最佳控制信号的施加，能够对不同的交通状态施加最佳的控制信号，从而取得最佳的控制效果，最大限度的提高道路的通行能力，改善道路通行状况。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ramp control and mainline control are the typical devices that enhance trafficefficiency, suppresses traffic jams, ensure freeway safety for the continuous traffic flowroad, i.e., freeway and city expressway. Considering the rapid development of intelligenttransportation systems and the Internet of things as well as the automation andeconomization of information collection, issuance, and implementation, coordinatedcontrol integrating ramp control and variable speed limits will become a main strategy ofmanagement and control for the continuous traffic flow road. Although the validities hasbeen proved, these theories and methods do not relate to traffic flow nonlinear, given thatthese approaches were proposed from the angle of normal traffic control and management.The research aspects focus on the selecting of control models and the identification ofcontroller parameters. However, these theories and methods do not relate to the studies ofinputting coordinated control signal condition on a freeway, given that these approacheswere proposed only by signal control method, e.g., ramp control and mainline control.Based on this, the strategies problem of inputting coordinated control signal on a freewaywas studied. The main work in this paper could be summarized as the following aspects:(1) Based on the symmetric two-lane Nagel-Schreckenberg (STNS) model, a cellularautomaton model of coordinated control section on freeway with only one on-rampsegment and a variable speed limits mainline segment was established with the actualfreeway traffic operation rules. It provided a basic model or a basic platform to study thestrategies of inputting coordinated control signal for freeway. By using the basic tool, wecan do the studies of traffic management, traffic control, programming and design, trafficsafe for freeway.(2) The traffic flow characteristics of the studied object were discussed via thesimulation experiments by using the different control strategies. The impact effectsincluding actual road capacity and traffic flow were analyzed under different traffic states,ramp demand and mainline demand by inputting no control signal, only inputting on-rampcontrol signal, only inputting variable speed limits signal, inputting speed limits signal andramp metering signal. The results of the examples show that the applicability ofcoordinated control as a main traffic management tool is better than that of other controlmethods, the traffic jams phenomena can be suppressed and the goal of achieving largest road capacity and decreasing the passing time of vehicles can be realized by using thecoordinated speed limits and ramp metering control method under different traffic demand.(3) The effects of traffic flow characteristics for the studied object were discussed viathe simulation experiments by using the optimal inputting control signals, where the trafficdemand varied. The comparison were analyzed among inputting no control signal, onlyinputting on-ramp control signal, only inputting variable speed limits signal, inputtingspeed limits signal and ramp metering signal. The results of the examples show that thebest control signal can be input and the goal of achieving the best control effect, enhancingthe largest road capacity and improving traffic states of roads can be realized by using theoptimal coordinated control phases diagram under different traffic demand.更多还原