【作者】 郭楠；

【导师】 吴学丙； 王依民；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 材料工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 假发产品日益流行，人发资源日益稀缺，化纤假发的需求量和产量逐渐加大，并且随着人们的生活水平的提高，对假发的差别化和功能化的要求也就越来越高，因此对假发用纤维的研究越来越重要。本文研究了丙烯腈（AN）-偏氯乙烯（VDC）-丙烯酸甲酯（MA）三元共聚物。将共聚物、二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）与水三者混合制成溶液，从二甲基甲酰和水混合的凝固液里抽出，初生纤维经过水洗、热水拉伸、干燥热处理、卷绕，最终得到假发用改性聚丙烯腈纤维。其中偏氯乙烯起阻燃作用，丙烯酸甲酯起增加染色性的作用。本文研究了三种单体比例对改性聚丙烯腈纤维热处理的影响。最终得到一种合适配比的共聚物，用这种共聚物纺成的纤维可以满足“大辫儿”假发产品的要求。当共聚物单体单元AN:VDC:MA=28:14:1时，纤维样品在100℃，0.3Mpa的条件下，用两个沟槽相互咬合的直径为12cm的波纹压辊以30r·min-1（线速度为18.84cm·sec-1）进行压曲处理，压出波纹的波数（轴向1cm内波的数量）为2.5cm-1，振幅为0.6mm，达不到假发制品的要求。通过改变投料时三种单体的用量，分别得到了单体单元比例为AN:VDC:MA=28:14:1、 AN:VDC:MA=9:6:1和AN:VDC:MA=8:8:1的共聚物，并分别通过元素分析、红外光谱、1H核磁共振、热失重分析和差示量热扫描进行检测。元素分析、红外光谱和1H核磁共振的结果证明，三个样品都含有AN、VDC、MA单体单元，同时三者比例各不相同。热失重分析和差示量热扫描的结果显示，共聚物中VDC和MA单体单元比例的增加，5%热分解温度T5d和玻璃化温度Tg都下降，其中AN:VDC:MA=28:14:1的共聚物不符合假发制作要求。对AN:VDC:MA=9:6:1和AN:VDC:MA=8:8:1两个纤维样品同样进行了压曲处理、热水定型处理和干热收缩处理。结果表明，随着偏氯乙烯和丙烯酸甲酯含量的提高，热处理效果得到了明显的改善。当AN:VDC:MA=8:8:1时，玻璃化温度下降使得纤维压曲的纹波变得明显，波数达到4cm-1~5cm-1，波纹振幅达到0.75mm~1.0mm。同时，该样品经过65℃~85℃的热水定型处理，原长30cm的纤维在卷曲定型后竖直悬垂，长度能保持在43%~73%之间。在110℃，40min的条件下，干热收缩大于8%。该样品力学性能抗张强度≥1.0cN·dtex-1，断裂伸长率≥25%，满足假发制品要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wigs are becoming more and more popular in modern society when the developing economyand consumption concepts changing are going on. Since the resource of the human hair is in short,the substitute chemical fibers are needed. The study has been more and more important for wigfiber material to meet the functional and differential requirement.The synthetic fiber material copolymerized by acrylonitrile (AN), vinylidene chloride (VDC)and methyl acrylate (MA) was studied in the paper. The dope comprised of DMF/H2O/copolymeris spun through a spinneret into solidification bath, then washing, drawing, and heat treating to getthe fiber for wig production. Normally, VDC is considered as flame retardant, and MA willpromote fiber dye ability.The influence of monomer ratios on fiber thermo-treatment performance has been studied inthis paper. Finally, a proper ratio has been acquired. The fiber produced with the recipe couldfulfill the quality requirement of wig product which is popular inAfrica market.When the ratio of monomer units AN: VDC: MA=28:14:1, a100cm fiber sample is buckledunder100℃，0.3Mpa，30r·min-1(linear velocity is18.84cm·sec-1), and the corrugation is shallowthat the wave number is only2.5cm-1and amplitude is0.6mm. Such performance is not suit forwig making.Samples with monomer units of AN: VDC: MA=28:14:1, AN: VDC: MA=9:6:1and AN:VDC: MA=8:8:1were studied by EA, FTIR,1H-NMR, TGA, DSC. The results of EA, FTIR,1H-NMR indicated that all samples contained AN, VDC, MA monomer units with correspondingratios. The results of TGA and DSC demonstrated that5%weight-loss temperature and glasstransition temperature decreased when the ratio of VDC and MA increased and the fiber with monomer ratioAN: VDC: MA=28:14:1was not suit for wig making.Thermal treatment performance of samples with monomer units AN: VDC: MA=9:6:1andAN: VDC: MA=8:8:1was studied by EA,FTIR,1H-NMR,DSC,TGA, corrugation testing, hotwater fixing, Dry-hot shrinkage testing and mechanical testing. The results show that theperformance of wig fiber will be improved greatly and meet the requirements for wig makingwhen the dosages of VDC and MA are increased. The glass transition temperature decreases andthe corrugation get deep that wave number increases to4~5cm-1, and amplitude0.75~1.0mmwhen AN: VDC: MA=8:8:1. Meanwhile, fiber sample thermal treated in65℃～85℃hot watercould have43%~73%length remain. Shrinkage after110℃,40min dry-hot treatment is more than8%, max strength is higher than1.0cN·dtex-1, max elongation is bigger than25%and is suitablefor wig application.更多还原