【作者】 张旭；

【导师】 卢金锁；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 建筑与土木工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 湖库内藻类分布受光照、降雨和水动力条件等多种环境因素影响，笔者以北方峡谷型深水库水源—金盆水库中夏秋两季的优势藻种直链藻和小球藻为代表，在优化改进测量试验装置基础上,利用实验室的沉降装置模拟研究不同环境因素（光照、水动力、降雨）对水中藻类垂向分布的影响,探求不同环境条件下藻类的迁移规律，以期指导水库规避藻类的取水技术，主要研究结论如下：（1）光照与降雨对上浮区内直链藻的垂向分布具有明显的影响，对下沉区内直链藻的垂向分布影响不大，而底部出流引起的水动力条件则相反，但环境条件对直链藻和小球藻类不同。不同光强对上浮区内藻类上升速度影响不同，存在适宜光强，降雨对上浮区内藻类的上浮起到抑制作用，上浮速度随降雨强度的增大而减小，下沉区内藻类的下沉速度随着取水出流流量的增大而增大。（2）在直链藻模拟试验中，最适光照为3000lx，上浮区内直链藻的上升速度在光照3000lx时达到最大82.6μm s-1，而在光照为10000lx时上浮速度最小为32.4μm s-1，直链藻的上浮速度在降雨强度为15mm min-1时上浮速度为28.5μm s-1，直链藻的下沉速度在取水出流流量为36ml min-1时达到327.5μm s-1。（3）在小球藻模拟试验中，最适光照为7000lx，上浮区内小球藻的迁移速度在光照7000lx时达到最大即97.6μm s-1，而在无光时达到最小即22.4μm s-1，小球藻的上浮速度在降雨强度15mm min-1时为29.2μm s-1；小球藻的下沉速度在取水出流量为36ml min-1时达到277.9μm s-1。（4）在混合藻模拟试验中，在直链藻适宜的低光强范围为500~9000lx，混合藻种在上浮区的垂向分布特征与单藻直链藻特征近似，在小球藻的适宜的高光强范围为3000~10000lx时，混合藻种在上浮区的垂向分布特征与单藻小球藻特征近似，但光照对下沉区内混合藻的垂向分布影响不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 The distribution of algae in Lake and reservoir in the effects of light, rainfall，hydrodynamic conditions and other environmental factors, the author to the NorthCanyon deep reservoir water—Jinpen Reservoir in the aestivo-autumnal season of thedominant species Melosira and Chlorella as representative, the measuring equipment isoptimized, the influence of different environmental factors（light, hydrodynamic,rainfall）for the vertical distribution of the water algae by the simulator in the laboratoryis studied,the shifting law of algae in different environmental conditions is alsoresearched, water technology in order to guide the reservoir to circumvent the algae,themain conclusions are as follows:（1）Light and rainfall has obvious effect on vertical distribution of Melosira infloating zone and little influence in sinking zone, while hydrodynamic conditionscaused by the bottom flow is opposite, but environmental conditions on Melosira andChlorella is different. Different light intensity on the floating zone algae rising velocityeffects of different, there exists suitable light intensity, rainfall on the floating zonealgae play an inhibitory effect, the floating rate decreases with the increase of rainfallintensity, the sinking area of algae in the sinking velocity increases with the increase ofwater flow.（2）In Melosira simulation test, suitable light intensity is3000lx, the risingvelocity of Melosira in floating zone is the maximum in3000lx， the speed is82.6μm×s-1， it is the minimum in10000lx，the speed is32.4μm×s-1，when the rainfallintensity is15mm×min-1，floating rate of Melosira is28.5μm×s-1,when water flow is36ml×min-1，sinking rate of Melosira is327.5μm×s-1.（3）In Chlorella simulation test，suitable light intensity is7000lx, the rising velocity of Chlorella in floating zone is the maximum in7000lx， the speed is97.6μm×s-1，it is the minimum in0lx，the speed is22.4μm×s-1，when the rainfallintensity is15mm×min-1，floating rate of Chlorella is29.2μm×s-1,when water flow is36ml×min-1，sinking rate of Chlorella is277.9μm×s-1.（4）Algae in the simulation test, which light intensity range is suitable low lightintensity range of Melosira for the500~9000lx, the floating zone mixed algae verticaldistribution in Melosira vertical distribution shown on, and which light intensity rangeis suitable high light intensity range of Chlorella3000~10000lx, the floating zone mixedalgae vertical distribution in Chlorella vertical distribution shown on，but light onsinking zone mixed algae had little influence.更多还原