【作者】 王玥；

【导师】 马廷奇； 周群英；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 教育学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 专业是高校实现其教育功能的重要载体，拥有专业设置自主权是高校作为研究高深学问组织的根本要求，是高校实现其社会服务基本功能的必然选择，是提升高校办学水平和学术造诣的迫切需求。从宏观上看，高校专业设置自主权的下放是政府为了适应社会政治、经济、教育发展需要所实施的一种政治行为，是一种以政府行政管理改革为前提条件的、外部赋予高校的、有限度的权力。从微观上看，高校拥有专业设置自主权是高校办学自主权的进一步实现，是高校自主办学能力提升的体现。1998年颁布的《高等教育法》明确赋予高校专业设置自主权，实现高校自主设置专业已然成为政府与高校实现良性治理的共同指向，高校专业设置自主权随着教育体制改革的深化而进一步落实已是大势所趋。本文采取文献研究、政策文本分析和历史研究的方法，在理清高校专业设置自主权的来源，明确高校专业设置自主权的权力属性，对高校专业设置自主权历史变迁进行梳理的基础上，丰富了高校专业设置自主权的内涵，分析了高校专业设置自主权落实及运行存在的问题，找出阻碍高校专业设置自主权实现的症结所在。同时，基于“政府-高校-社会”三位一体的分析框架，从政治体制、高校管理和社会影响等多维视角对高校专业设置自主权落实问题进行了研究分析，指出落实高校专业设置自主权的阻碍主要包括集权化管理体制，高校本体缺失，社会力量干扰。最后，论文从政府、高校和社会三个层面出发，探讨了高校运行专业设置自主权应遵循自主非自由、民主且权力分化和学术权力主导原则。从政府自觉、高校规约和社会协同的路径导向出发，建立政府宏观协调管理权力、重视社会中介组织监督权力和发挥高校专业设置主体权力的权力制衡机制。同时建立规范的高校增设专业准入条件，建立高校专业设置自主权力约束机制和责任制的权力保障机制，促进专业设置自主权在高校的落实与实现。更多还原

【Abstract】 The major is the important carrier to realize the education function. As theinstitutions of profound knowledge, the major setting authority is fundamental forcolleges and universities, and it is the inevitable choice for higher education to adaptto economic and social development, and it is the urgent need to improve universityrunning level and academic achievements. From a macro perspective, the implementof majors setting authority is a political act by the government in order to adapt to thesocial politics, economy and education,and it is the given and limited authority that isthe premise requirement of the government administrative reform.From the microperspective,the devolution of universities major setting authority is the furtherimplementation of the universities’ autonomy,and it is the embodiment of ascensionof universities’ managerial ability.The "higher education law" promulgated in1998clearly stipulate the major setting authority,realization of university set majorindependently has become a common point of government and the colleges anduniversities to realize good governance.With the deepening of the reform of theeducation system,the further implement of major setting authority is the trend of thetime.So this paper adopts the research method of literature research,policy analysisand historical research method.Basing on clarifying the source of the colleges anduniversities’ majors setting authority, making clear the property of the colleges anduniversities’ setting authority,teasing the historical changes of the major settingsauthority, The paper enriched the connotation of colleges and universities’ majorsetting authority, analyzed the existing implementation and operation problems ofcollege major setting authority, and excavated the crux of the major autonomy’realization. Based on the “government-college-society” analysis framework, thearticle discusses the problem of university major setting from the perspective ofpolitical system,management of colleges and universities,social influence and othermulti-dimensional.The obstacles of implementation of college major autonomymainly include centralization management system,the university deficiency and socialinterference. At last,from three aspects of government, universities and society view,the paperdiscusses the operation principle of majors settings authority should follow theprinciple of independent-non-free, democratic authority differentiation and academicauthority leading.It should start from the path of conscientious government,university protocol and social coordination, to establish the balance mechanism thatthe government macroscopic coordinate management authority,pay attention to thesupervise right of social intermediary organizations,develop the college main bodystatus in the major settings,at the same time,establishing the guarantee mechanism ofuniversities major setting autonomy that specific the access conditions of universitiesadd majors,built the constraint mechanism and responsibility system of colleges anduniversities’ major setting authority,and promote the implementation of major settingauthority in colleges and universities.更多还原