【作者】 赵楠；

【导师】 宋文滨；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 飞行器设计， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会经济的发展，民众对航空旅行的需求不断增长，民航运输的市场开放程度不断提高，由之带来的航空公司之间的竞争推动飞机制造商在全寿命成本的约束条件下不断提高飞机的运营经济性，民用飞机的经济性已经成为满足市场竞争要求，取得商业成功的核心指标。民用飞机的研发理念也由上世纪八十年代之前的以技术为主要导向转向了以经济性为主要导向，本文的工作重点是民用飞机面向经济性的设计方法及其应用。飞机总体设计是一个需要反复迭代的过程，用经济性作为民用飞机设计的指标之一，设计出在满足气动、性能等众多传统指标的同时经济性更为优良的飞机设计方案，需要发展出一套面向经济性的民用飞机设计方法。本文梳理总结了民用飞机的概念设计以及流程，并且论述和总结了民用飞机经济性的两个主要估算模型——全寿命周期成本模型和直接运营成本模型。随后，利用飞机总体设计和经济性估算模型这两个理论基础，详细阐述了民用飞机的经济性设计方法和流程。在此理论基础上，为实现民用飞机经济性设计流程，使用MATLAB，JAVA和C语言构建了一个多层次的混合程序架构，其中融入了飞机重量，布局，气动，性能，经济性，噪音和发动机排放等设计模块。同时本文还梳理出飞机总体设计的参数关系，为分析参数间的影响传递关系提供支持。最后使用该程序针对典型技术措施的应用对飞机经济性的影响进行了分析。该工具既可以用于面向经济性的飞机方案优化，又可以对新技术的潜在影响进行分析，为新技术研究的决策提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The demand for air travel generally increases in line with the socialand economic development. This increase, along with a graduallyderegulated global aviation market, has led to an increase in competitionamong airlines. As a result, aircraft manufacturers are under constantpressure to design, manufacture and service more efficient aircraft. It hasseen a shift from more technology focused approach to an increasedemphasis on economics. This paper focuses on the methods used foraircraft design for economics and applications of these methods in order todeliver between balance among usually conflicting design requirementsand objectives.Aircraft design is an iterative, complex process. In order to deliver adesign which not only has a superior cost efficiency but also meets designcriteria on aerodynamics, performance and others, a methodology ofcost-driven civil aircraft design method is needed. This paper firstsummarized the methods and processes used in civil aircraft conceptualdesign. This is followed by discussions on two major models-the lifecycle cost model and direct operating cost model, in order to estimate theeconomic characteristics. The two costing models are then incorporatedinto a framework to drive the design for better product and processes.This paper used a multi-level mixed-language programming approachto construct the framework of civil aircraft cost-driven design. The designsystem incorporated the weight, configuration, aerodynamics, performance,economics, and noise and emission modules. The methods have beenvalidated using existing aircraft data the results proved the effectiveness of the method. At the same time, this paper also defined the relationshipsbetween the aircraft design parameters, providing a support tool foranalysis of the complex parameter relations. Finally, the program was usedto study the cost implications when some advanced technologies are usedin newly developed aircraft.This cost-driven conceptual civil aircraft design framework was usedboth as a design tool to perform parametric analysis and to evaluate theeconomic impact of new technologies.更多还原