【作者】 张彦；

【导师】 邓娜； 赵保明；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 环境工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着全球日益紧张的能源形势和持续增长的能源消耗（尤其是煤、石油、天然气等不可再生的一次能源），越来越多的人开始投入研究，期望找到能够缓解当前能源紧张局势以及由能源问题引发的环境问题的有效途径。目前，全球普遍存在着来自工业生产中化石燃料燃烧后产生的大量低品位余热资源以及可再生能源，如太阳能、地热能等。然而，受相关技术研究水平较低的影响，这些低品位的热量并没有得到充分有效利用就直接排入环境中，使得能源问题和环境问题更加严重。一方面，作为利用低品位热量的一种手段，基于朗肯循环的低温热双循环发电技术得到了人们的普遍关注。随着研究的深入，相关人员做了大量的实验和理论分析，使得该技术日益成熟。研究人员从低温热双循环发电机组的重要组成部件、发电工质的种类及特性等多方面做了大量工作，进行了机组的优化匹配，使该系统在提高发电效率、机组外形设计等方面取得了重要进展。另一方面，取热技术是低温发电技术体系中的重要支撑技术，换热器是取热过程不可缺少的设备，也是合理利用与节约能源、开发新能源的关键设备。由于在生产中存在的热交换形式多样，因此换热器的形式也各式各样，每种换热器都有其自身的特点和应用条件，所以要根据换热的具体条件选择合适的换热器才能达到理想的换热效果。本课题介绍了低温热双循环发电技术在相关行业中的实际应用，分析了不同热源环境中载热流体的不同特点。通过对低温发电机组与热源相结合的优化设计，选择适宜不同特点流体的换热器，确保取热过程的最佳化实施，使低温发电系统的设计更加合理，更加接近工业生产实际，而且确保原生产工艺正常进行并达到最佳的发电效果，为低温发电技术在工业领域和可再生能源领域实现低品位热量有效利用及大规模推广应用奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasingly strained global energy situation and the sustainable growthof energy consumption (especially non-renewable primary energy source like coal,oil and natural gas etc.), more and more people begin to put into research, lookingforward to finding effective ways that could relieve current tense situation of energyand environmental problems caused by energy problems. At present, there are a largenumber of widespread low-grade heat generated by burning fossil fuel in theindustrial production and reproducible energy such as solar energy, geothermal energyetc. However, affected by the low research level of related technology, thelow-temperature heat didn’t get full and effective use and discharge into theenvironment directly, making the problem of energy and environment become moreand more worse.On the one hand, as a means of taking advantage of low-temperature heat, peoplepay attention to the low-temperature double circulation generate technology based onRankine Cycle. With the in-depth research, related people did a plenty of experimentsand theoretical analysis, making the technology become more mature. Researchers dida lot of work on the important parts, generation working fluid and its characters andother aspects of the low-temperature double circulation generator, and make theoptimal matching, getting important progress on improving generating efficiency ofthe system and the shape design of the unit etc.On the other hand, heat extraction technology is an important support technologyin the technical system for low-temperature energy generation. The heat exchanger isan indispensable equipment in the heat extraction process, and it’s the criticalequipment in rational utilization, saving energy and the exploitation of new energysources. Due to the various heat exchange forms in production, the heat exchangerforms is various, each has its own characteristics and application conditions, in orderto achieve the ideal effect of heat exchanging, we should select the appropriate heatexchanger based on the actual conditions of heat exchanging.This issue introduces the practical application of the low-temperature doublecirculation generate technology in relevant industries, and analysis the differentcharacteristics of heat transfer fluid in different environment of heat sources. By the optimal design of low-temperature energy generation unit and the heat source’scombination, we chose the heat exchangers which are suit for the differentcharacteristics of the fluid. The selection could not only insure the optimalimplementation of heat extraction process, make the design of low-temperatureenergy generation system more reasonable and closer to the actual industrialproduction, but also insure the normal proceeding of original production process andreach the best effect of power generation. Thus it lays the foundation oflow-temperature energy generation technology to achieve efficient use of low-gradeheat and large-scale popularization and application in the field of industry andreproducible energy.更多还原