【作者】 张永昌；

【导师】 林红；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 材料科学与工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 聚合物太阳能电池属于第三代太阳能电池，在能源问题日益严峻的当今世界成为科研的热点领域之一。二氧化钛因其合适的能级结构，优良的光学性能，被广泛的应用到了反转结构聚合物太阳能电池中；电化学阻抗谱分析在染料敏化太阳能电池中有成熟的运用，可帮助更好地理解聚合物太阳能电池中的界面情况。本文研究了空气中制备传统结构及反转结构聚合物太阳能电池的方法，并对制备方法进行了优化；本文还对聚合物太阳能电池进行了电化学阻抗谱分析。主要内容包括：首先，制作TiO2无机缓冲层材料，如TiO2薄膜、TiO2纳米管薄膜、TiO2纳米棒阵列薄膜，并研究了获得高质量及厚度可调节的TiO2薄膜的方法，利用扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、高分辨透射电镜（HR-TEM）、选区电子衍射（SAED）等对样品进行分析表征，得到了制备均匀TiO2薄膜的条件，以及控制TiO2纳米棒阵列薄膜形貌的方法。使用P3HT和PCBM作为活性层材料，旋涂法制备传统结构聚合物太阳能电池，通过紫外-可见分光光度计（Uv-vis）、电池性能的测试等研究了活性层旋涂速率、活性层浓度对活性层厚度、对电池效率的影响，引入醋酸锌保护层对电池活性层进行保护，并研究了热蒸镀条件对电池性能的影响，最终优化获得了光电转化效率达到2.35%的传统结构聚合物太阳能电池。使用TiO2薄膜、TiO2纳米棒阵列薄膜作为电子传输层，石墨烯氧化物作为空穴传输层制作反转结构聚合物太阳能电池，并对电池结构进行优化，分别获得了0.857%和0.535%的的光电转化效率。使用电化学阻抗对制备的传统结构及反转结构的聚合物太阳能电池进行分析表征，对电池性能优化中各种工艺参数改变的影响进行分析表征，由此对聚合物太阳能电池的工作原理有了更深刻的理解，对电池的性能优化提供了更明确的研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Polymer solar cells (PSCs) belong to the third generation of solar cells,which have been one of the hot research fields facing the increasingly seriousenergy problems in the world today for human society. Because of itsappropriate energy level and excellent optical properties, titanium dioxide hasbeen widely used in inverted organic solar cells. Electrochemical impedancespectroscopy analysis which was used widely in dye-sensitized solar cellscould be helpful for a better understand of interface states in organic solarcells. In this paper, convetional and inverted polymer solar cells werefabricated exposed to the air and optimized, and electrochemical impedanceanalysis was used to characterize the devices trying to get a betteruncerstanding of PSC interface states.Firstly, TiO2inorganic buffer layers, such as TiO2thin film, TiO2nanotube film and TiO2nanorod array film, were fabricated and studied to getfilms of high quality and adjustable thickness. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD),high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), selected areaelectron diffraction (SAED) and other characterization methods were appliedto characterize the samples. Finally uniform TiO2film without cracks wasfabricated, as well as morphology adjustable TiO2nanorod array films.Convetional polymer solar cells were fabricated by spin-coating of P3HTand PCBM, as active layer material, soluted in chlorobenzene. UV-visiblespectrophotometer (Uv-vis), photoelectric conversion efficiency etc. wereapplied to find how the spin rates and the concentration of the active layersolution affect the active layer thickness and finally the cell performance.Zinc acetate introdeced as protective layer for the active layer, and thethermal evaporation conditions, were both proved to have effects on the cellperformance. Finally an optimized PCE of2.35%for the convetional polymer solar cells was achieved.With TiO2film or TiO2nanorod array film as electron transport layer,graphite oxide as hole transport layer, inverted polymer solar cells werefabricated and optimized, with0.857%and0.535%as the best PCE achieved,respectively.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was applied to study how thefabrication parameters affect the cell performance, giving a better understandof the carrier dynamic behaviors in the cells, providing a clearer direction forthe optimization of polymer solar cells.更多还原