【作者】 王蓉；

【导师】 王柏华；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 “山水”一直是斯奈德诗歌创作的永恒主题。迄今为止,他创作了十多部诗集,影响深远,远出于文学界。斯奈德是一位杰出的现代诗人,也是一位重要的思想家；因而考察斯奈德的山水诗,不仅关注在美学层面上,更应注重在主题上进行分析。他独特的抒情风格,同时也包涵着一种意识,一种关于人与自然关系的孜孜不倦的思考。这些创作于不同的时代背景、融汇了斯奈德一生的生活经历和情感体悟的诗集记录了斯奈德生态思想从初露端倪到逐步完善的过程,也包含了斯奈德山水诗在风格和内容上的几次明显转变。本文第一章论述了斯奈德初期的山水诗创作中显露的关于个体与自然关系的初步思索,即其从一开始就形成了非人类中心的自然观。早期的诗人始终以一个“局外人”的眼光看待自然,虽然同情自然,但又疏于自然。第二章论述了斯奈德成熟中期创作中展现的关于社会与自然的关系的进一步探索,至此诗人发展出来一整套相互联系的整体生态观,并且提出了“重新栖居”的建设性解决放案,呼吁自然-社会-文化共生的和谐图式。第三章论述了斯奈德晚期关于文化与自然关系的最终探索,即诗人的自然诗学。诗人从东方山水诗画中汲取营养,从积极的入世转向了对于“内心空间”的追求,并最终形成了自己的独特自然诗学。结语部分肯定了斯奈德对英美山水诗的美学原则和生态意识做出的杰出贡献。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Landscape" has been the eternal theme of Snyder’s poetry. So far, he created more than10collections of poetry that have far-reaching influence, which is not only limited to the literary world. Snyder is a distinguished modern poet, also an important thinker; therefore, to investigate Snyder’s landscape poetry should and could not only to be concerned from the aesthetic perspective, but the theme should be analyzed and focused. His unique lyrical style bears with a kind of consciousness, a tireless thinking about the relationship between Man and Nature. Created in different historical backgrounds, combining various life experiences and understanding of Snyder’s lifetime, the poems recorded Snyder’s ecological thoughts from the very beginning to the very end, and also witnessed several major shifts on the contents and styles.The first chapter discusses the preliminary thinking about the relationship between the individual and the natural from Snyder’s early Landscape Poems that revealed the formation of a non-anthropocentric view of nature. The young poet was always an "outsider", although sympathized with nature, but kept a distance from it.The second chapter deals with the further exploration of the relationship between the society and nature in Snyder’s poems in his middle period when the poet had developed a set of interrelated overall ecological concept, and brought up "rehabitation" as a constructive solution, and appealed a natural-social-cultural symbiotic harmony schema.The The third chapter describes Snyder’s final exploration of the relationship between culture and nature in has late years, that is the poet’s natural poetics. Absorbing nutrients from Oriental Landscape Paintings and Poems, the poet steered for the pursuit of "inner space", and eventually formed his own unique natural poetics.The epilogue affirms that Snyder made an outstanding contribution to the aesthetic principles of Anglo-American landscape poetry and ecological awareness.更多还原