不动产登记错误的国家赔偿责任研究

【作者】 王颖；

【导师】 潘伟杰；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 法律（专业学位）， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 自《中华人民共和国物权法》2007年10月1日颁布以来,不动产登记作为一项不动产物权管理制度已日趋走上民生的重要舞台,与之相关的国家赔偿更是现代社会民主法治、保障不动产权利人合法权益的关键环节之一。本文试图对不动产登记错误的国家赔偿责任问题进行探讨。本文共分为四个部分,内容概要如下：第一部分从分析不动产登记的概念和主要模式入手,阐述了我国不动产登记制度的现状,列举了不动产登记错误的类型,通过分析不动产登记行为的性质探讨登记错误赔偿责任的性质,认为不动产登记行为属准法律行为性行政行为,登记错误所引发的赔偿责任是国家赔偿责任。第二部分讨论了国家赔偿责任的几种归责原则,从阐述我国国家赔偿方面的归责原则进而讨论我国不动产登记错误中归责原则的适用,分析了几种归责原则所存在的缺陷,并对归责原则的构建提出了以过错推定原则为主,过错责任原则为辅的建议。第三部分通过案例分析不动产登记错误国家赔偿责任的构成要件,讨论符合主体要件、行为要件、损害事实要件和因果关系要件的则构成不动产登记错误的国家赔偿责任。第四部分通过案例分析引出不动产登记错误民事赔偿责任和国家赔偿责任的分担问题,分析了几种责任分担的方式,然后从赔偿资金来源的角度讨论适合我国不动产登记错误的国家赔偿机制,认为继续沿用国家负担模式能够更好的实现国家赔偿责任。通过上述内容的讨论和分析,得出结论：不动产登记行为从法律性质上讲应当属于准法律行为性行政行为,登记错误直接影响不动产权利,在排除当事人自身原因的情况下负责登记的行政机关应当承担国家赔偿责任。建立完善的不动产登记错误国家赔偿制度,应当从构建合理的归责原则入手,掌握责任的构成要件,理清国家赔偿责任和其他责任的分担,最终实现国家赔偿责任,切实保护不动产权利人利益,保证交易安全和社会秩序。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the announcement of the Property Law of the People’s Republic of China, promulgated on October1,2007, the real estate registration embarked on the people’s livelihood has become increasingly important arena as a real property management system, the State Compensation is a modern social democracy and the rule of law, protection of rights in real estate one of the key links of the legitimate rights and interests. This paper attempts to explore real estate registration error of State liability.This paper is divided into four sections, summarized as follows:The first part starts from the analysis of the concept of real estate registration and main mode, briefs the status of China’s real estate registration system, cites the wrong type of real estate registration, and explores the nature of the behavior of real estate registration as well as the related compensation liabilities. The acts of real estate registration is a quasi-legalistic administrative act, and registration error caused liability is a national liability.The second section discusses several State liability attributable principles, the application of the principle of China’s real estate registration error attributable from our National Compensation Liability Principle, and several imputation principles defects and Construction of the Principles of Responsibility recommendations to the principle of presumption of fault-based, supplemented by the principle of fault liability.The third part discusses the State Compensation Liabilities from the mail subject behavior, damage and causation elements, through the analysis of real estate the constituent elements of the national liability case.The fourth part analyses several liability sharing methods through case analysis leads to the real estate registration errors civil liability and national liability-sharing problem, and then discusses the compensation funding sources suited to China’s real estate registration error state compensation mechanism that continue follow the national burden are able to achieve national liability better.Through the above discussion and analysis, it is concluded:real estate registration behavior should be legal in nature belong to the quasi-legal acts of administrative acts, registration error directly affects the rights in real estate, and the administrative authority responsible for the registration in the case of exclusion of the parties to their own reasons should be state compensation responsibility. Real estate registration error state compensation system should start with building a reasonable imputation principles grasp the responsibility of the constituent elements, sort out the sharing of State liability and other responsibilities, and ultimately realize the State compensation liability, protect the rights under immovable property interests and ensure transaction security and social order.更多还原