【作者】 马亮；

【导师】 王世良；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 物理学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 本文采用乙酰丙酮铜为碳源,通过化学气相沉积大批量制备出Cu/C核/壳纳米颗粒。通过调整反应温度和氢气流量,可以控制颗粒直径以及碳层厚度和石墨化程度。通过高温真空退火,可由Cu/C核/壳纳米颗粒直接获得空心碳纳米球,实现对空心碳纳米球的可控制备。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、热重分析(TGA)、基于BET的氮气直读式比表面测试仪(Surface Area Analyzer)、紫外-可见光谱仪(UV),荧光光谱仪(PL)对不同合成条件下Cu/C核/壳纳米颗粒和空心碳纳米球进行表征。最后介绍了以空心碳纳米球为原料,做成电极,然后进行空心碳纳米球作为超级电容电极材料的初步研究。主要研究工作如下：(1)研究沉积温度和氢气流量对产物形貌和结构的影响,沉积温度分别为600℃、700℃、800℃和900℃,氢气流量分别为50ml/min,200ml/min和500ml/min。结果表明沉积区产物为Cu/C核/壳纳米颗粒,铜核直径、碳层的厚度和石墨化程度(R值)分别可以控制在15nm～21nm、1.5nm～8nm和0.74-1.64。当沉积温度为800℃,氢气流量为200ml/min时,沉积产物的铜核直径最小(15nm),碳层最厚(8nm)。(2)研究不同条件下Cu/C核/壳纳米颗粒的光学性能,结果表明铜核直径、碳层的厚度和石墨化程度对Cu核表面等离子共振吸收峰(SPR)和荧光性能有一定的影响。(3)通过调控反应气氛,对Cu/C核/壳纳米颗粒的直径和壳壁厚度进行可控合成,再进行真空退火,获得直径和壁厚可控的空心碳纳米球。结果表明退火后产物比表面积增加了一个数量级。(4)初步研究空心碳纳米球作为电极材料的超级电容行为。更多还原

【Abstract】 :In this thesis Cu/C core/shell nanoparticles were synthesized with large quantities by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using Cupric(Ⅱ) acetylacetonate as carbon sources. Our research found that diameters of the particle and thickness and crystallinity of carbon shell could be adjusted by changing the reaction temperature and the flowing of hydrogen. After the annealing of Cu/C core/shell nanoparticles in the vacuum, hollow carbon nanospheres could be obtained. Structures and properties of Cu/C core/shell nanoparticles synthesized at different conditions and hollow carbon nanospheres were characterized using XRD, Raman, SEM, TEM, TGA, BET surface area analysis, PL and UV.In the last part of this thesis, we introduced the applications based on our synthesized materials, hollow carbon nanospheres, such as, electrode materials in supercapacitor. Research works are as follows:(1) Influence of deposition temperature and flowing of hydrogen to final products was studied by changing the temperature from600,700,800and900℃and setting the flowing to50,200and500ml/min. Results indicated that diameters of copper core, thickness of carbon shell and its graphitizing degree (R) could be varied from15nm-20nm,1.5nm-8nm and0.74-1.64, respectively. When the temperature was800℃with flowing rate of200ml/min, deposited products were with the smallest diameter of the copper core (15nm) and the thickest carbon shell (8nm).(2) Optical properties of Cu/C core/shell nanoparticles under different conditions were studied based on the diameter of copper core, the thickness and graphitizing degree of carbon shell,which could arouse the change of SPR and PL of the nanoparticles.(3) Cu/C core/shell could be synthesized with the selectivity in different atmosphere. After the annealing in vacuum, final products were hollow carbon nanospheres. Research reported that surface area was Increased by one order of magnitude after the treatment.(4) Elementary study on the properties of hollow carbon nanospheres as electrode materals in supercapacitor were conducted.更多还原