【作者】 刘宇；

【导师】 陈广胜； 郭明辉；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 木材科学与工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 能源是人类生存的根本,随着能源枯竭和环境污染的日益严重,可再生新能源已经成为世界各国可持续发展的战略选择。我国有大量的农林剩余物,而农林剩余物作为可再生的清洁能源有利于缓解能源短缺和环境污染的现状。但是单纯的生物质燃烧利用率很低,热解炭化后能有效提高其利用率和燃烧热值。本研究以林木剩余物为主要原料,对生物质炭热解的影响因素进行单因素实验,并应用元素分析仪、TG和DTG探索热解温度、热解时间和原料含水率对生物质炭的热值、产量及燃烧特性的影响规律,优化生物质热解制备生物质炭的生产工艺；以优化后的生物质炭和造纸废液副产品木质素磺酸铵胶粘剂为原料,对生物质成型炭的成型工艺的影响因素进行单因素实验探索成型压力、成型温度和施胶配比对生物质炭的抗跌摔性、抗压性以及生物质成型炭理化性能的影响,并优化生物质成型炭的成型工艺。通过研究得到以下结论：(1)生物质炭化热解影响因素分析在生物质炭化热解的研究中,含水率在5%-25%范围内,生物质炭的热值随着原料含水率的增加而增加,当达到15%后开始逐渐下降；随着热解时间的增加而增加,在热解时间4h后开始逐渐下降；随着热解温度的增加而增加。生物质炭的产率则随着含水率增加而减少,随着热解时间的增加而减少,随着热解温度的增加而减少。生物质炭化的较优工艺为：原料含水率为10%,炭化时间3h,炭化温度400℃。(2)生物质炭化成型工艺研究在生物质炭化成型工艺的研究中,随着成型压力的增加生物质成型炭的抗跌摔性和抗压性增强；随着施胶量的增加生物质成型炭的抗跌摔性和抗压性增强；随着成型温度的增加生物质成型炭的全水分下降、灰分下降、挥发分升高、固定碳下降、密度基本不变；随着成型压力的增加生物质成型炭的全水分下降、灰分上升、挥发分下降、固定碳上升、密度增大；随着施胶量的增加生物质成型的全水分升高、灰分生高、挥发分升高、固定碳下降、密度变化不大。生物质炭成型的较优工艺为：成型压力为6MPa,成型温度为120℃,木质素磺酸铵的施胶配比为40%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy is basis for human survival, it is along with the increasing seriousness of energy depletion and environmental pollution, renewable energy has become a strategic choice for the sustainable development of all countries in the world. Our country has a great deal of residues about agriculture and forestry, as a renewable clean energy, they are beneficial to alleviate energy shortage and environmental pollution. But pure biomass combustion efficiency is very low, after pyrolysis carbonization can effectively improve the utilization rate and combustion heat value.This study using trees residues as the main raw material to analysis the influence factors of the biomass pyrolytic carbon for single factor experiment by application of elemental analyzer, TG, DTG explore pyrolysis temperature, the time of pyrolysis and raw material moisture content to test for the influence rule of calorific value of the biomass carbon, yield, and the characteristic of combustion, optimizing the technology of biomass pyrolysis produce biomass carbon. Regarding after optimizing the biomass carbon and papermaking waste by-product ammonium lignosulfonate adhesive as raw material to analysis the influence factors of biomass forming carbon molding process and to process single factor experiment to explore for the molding pressure, molding temperature and the ratio of adhesives test for the influence of biomass carbon’s fell down resistance, pressure resistance and physical and chemical properties. In addition to optimizing the biomass molding carbon and process. The following conclusion is obtained by research:1)The analysis of the influence factors of Biomass pyrolysis carbonization.The moisture content is in the range of5%to25%in the study of biomass pyrolysis carbonization. The calorific value of the biomass charcoal is increasing with the increase of the moisture content of raw material, it begins to gradually decline when reached15%;it is also with the increase of the time of pyrolysis increased, when the pyrolysis time began to decline after4hours; With the increase of pyrolysis temperature increased. But the productivity of biomass carbon is decreased as the moisture content increased, it is reduced with the increase of pyrolysis time, it is also reduced with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. It is better technology for biomass carbonization:the moisture content of raw material is10%, pyrolysis time is3hours, and temperature is400degrees Celsius.2) The research of biomass carbonization molding process.In the research of biomass carbonization molding process, with the increase of pressure that the biomass molding carbon fell down resistance and pressure resistance is strengthen; With the increase of the increment of adhesives that is also strengthen; With the increase of molding temperature, the total moisture of biomass molding carbon is falling, ash falling, volatile rising, fixed carbon decline, the density is constant; With the increase of molding pressure, the total moisture of biomass molding carbon is falling, ash content increased, volatile decline, fixed carbon rising, the density is increasing; With the increase of the increment of adhesives, the total moisture of biomass molding carbon is falling, ash content increased, volatile increased, fixed carbon falling, the density is increasing; The better technology for biomass charcoal molding process:the molding pressure is6MPa,and temperature is120℃,the sizing ratio of Ammonium lignosulfonate is40%.更多还原