【作者】 李小玲；

【导师】 唐海波；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 心理学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 目的：了解大学生宽恕在一些人口学变量上的特点,明确父母教养方式、共情、冗思分别与宽恕的关系并进一步探讨共情和冗思在父母教养方式与大学生宽恕中的作用。方法：采用父母教养方式问卷、共情问卷、冗思反应量表以及宽恕量表对湖南省某大学的745名大一到大三的学生进行问卷调查。通过t检验和F检验来了解大学生宽恕在人口学变量上的差异；通过皮尔逊积差相关了解父母教养方式、共情、冗思与宽恕之间的相关；再运用回归分析探讨父母教养方式、共情、冗思分别对宽恕的预测作用,以及共情、冗思在父母教养方式与宽恕中的中介作用。结果：(1)宽恕自己在性别和年级上存在显著差异；宽恕他人在年级和是否属于独生子女上存在显著差异。(2)父/母关爱、鼓励自主均与宽恕各分量表显著正相关(r=0.202-0.326,P<0.01),并对大学生宽恕具有正向预测作用；而父/母控制与宽恕各分量表显著负相关(r=-0.212-0.290,P<0.01),并显著负向预测大学生宽恕。(3)共情中的观点采择、共情性关心与宽恕各分量表均显著正相关(r=0.116-0.470,P<0.01),并正向预测宽恕；而个人痛苦因子则与宽恕各分量表显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.488(P<0.01)和-0.359(P<0.01),并负向预测大学生宽恕；想象因子与宽恕自己显著负相关,相关系数为-0.186(P<0.01),但与宽恕他人相关不显著。(4)冗思与宽恕各分量表显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.464(P<0.01)和-0.290(P<0.01),并负向预测大学生宽恕。(5)共情、冗思在父母教养方式和大学生宽恕中起着部分中介作用。结论：(1)大学生宽恕自己和宽恕他人在性别、年级和是否独生子女上表现出不同的特点。(2)父母关爱、鼓励自主能够正向预测大学生宽恕,而父母控制负向预测大学生宽恕。父亲的教养因素对大学生宽恕自己和宽恕他人的预测力大于母亲的。(3)观点采择、共情性关心能够正向预测大学生宽恕；个人痛苦和幻想对其具有负向预测作用。痛苦体验主要预测是宽恕自己,观点采择主要预测的是大学生宽恕他人方面。(4)冗思对大学生宽恕自己和宽恕他人具有负向预测作用。(5)共情、冗思在父母教养方式和大学生宽恕中起部分中介作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To explore the demographic differences on forgiveness of college students.To clear the relationship among parenting styles, empathy, rumination and forgiveness of college students.To further explore the role of empathy and rumination between parenting styles and forgiveness of college students.Methods:745college students from a university of Hunan province complete a series of tests including PBI,IRI,RRS,and HFS.Pearson correlation analysis and Linear regression were used to analyze the relationship among parenting styles,empathy,rumination and forgiveness.Results:(1)There are some differences between forgiving self and forgiving others on several demographic variables.(2)There exits significant positive correlation between father’s/mother’s love, encouraging styles and forgiveness (r=0.202～0.202,P<0.01),while the correlations between father’s/mother’s control and forgiveness are negative significantly(r=0.212～0.212,P<0.01);perspective taking, concern are correlate with forgiveness positively(r=0.116～0.116,P<0.01), the factor of personal pain is negatively correlate with forgiving self (r=0.488,P<0.01)and others(r=0.359,P<0.01),imagining factor is negatively correlate with forgiving self(r=0.186,P<0.01);rumination is negatively correlate with forgiving self(r=-0.464,P<0.01)and others(r=-0.290,.P<0.01).(3)Parenting styles has a certain prediction on college students’ forgiveness,and the forecast effect is mainly controlled by the father’s parenting care and implementation;perspective taking and concern have a positive prediction on forgiveness,while personal pain and rumination have a negative prediction.(4)Empathy and rumination play a midiating role in father’s love and forgiveness.(5)Empathy and rumination play a midiating role in father’s control and forgiving others.Conclusions:(1)There are some differences of college students’ forgiveness on several demographic variables.(2)The parents’care taking and encouraging way positively predict fogiveness,parents’control negatively predict fogivenes.But the prediction of father is larger than mother’s.(3)Perspective taking and concern others positively predict fogiveness,pain feeling and imagination negatively predict fogivenes.But the pain feeling mainly predict forgiving self, perspective taking mainly predict forgiving others.(4)Rumination negatively predict forgiving self and others.(5)Empathy,rumination play a midiating role in parents’styles forgivenss.更多还原