【作者】 刘波；

【导师】 杨永斌；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 矿业工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 摘要：针对锑金精矿的火法处理工艺存在流程复杂、能耗高、环境污染严重、贵贱金属回收率低等缺点,本文对某锑金精矿进行了湿法提取锑和金的工艺研究。对含锑24.76%,含金48.50g/t的锑金精矿进行湿法浸锑试验研究,结果表明：在最佳浸锑工艺条件下碱法浸锑,金的损失率为16.72%,锑、金分离不彻底,方法不可行。酸法浸锑的最佳工艺条件：浸出温度为95℃、浸出时间为30min、HCl浓度为4mol/L、FeCl3过量系数为1.1、液固比为4.0、搅拌强度为100r/min。在此条件下,渣中锑含量为0.54%,锑的浸出率达到99.05%,金含量为106.66g/t,金的损失率为0.99%,锑浸出效果良好,金的损失率极小,实现了锑和金良好的分离效果,为锑、金的选择性浸出奠定了基础。酸法浸锑渣的性质及预处理工艺研究表明,由于热碱脱硫-化学氧化工艺存在工艺复杂、金的损失率高、试剂成本高等问题,选用氧化焙烧作为预处理浸锑渣的最佳工艺。氧化焙烧工艺制度：焙烧温度600℃C,焙烧时间1h,结果表明,焙砂含硫0.15%,脱硫率为99.84%,焙砂中主要物相为赤铁矿和脉石矿物。通过XRD以及化学物相分析等研究了氧化焙烧过程中的化学成分和物相变化,揭示了氧化焙烧过程中的机理,研究表明氧化焙烧的过程中元素硫首先被氧化,其次是黄铁矿自身分解与氧化,随着黄铁矿被破坏,黄铁矿中包裹金逐渐解离出来,黄铁矿包裹是造成金难浸的主要原因。对浸金工艺参数优化,结果表明浸出时间为48h,NaCN浓度为0.3%时金的浸出率最高,达到了95.92%。综合整个试验过程,推荐工艺流程为酸法浸锑-氧化焙烧-氰化浸金,工艺中实现了锑、硫、金的分离回收,锑和金的浸出效果良好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Abstract:Aiming at the problems of complicated process, high energy consumption, serious environmental pollution and low recovery of precious and base metal, a wet process of extracting antimony and gold from an antimony-gold concentrate is researched in this paper.Test on leaching of antimony from the antimony-gold concentrate which contain antimony of24.76%and gold of48.50g/t, the results showed that the gold loss rate was16.72%under the optimum conditions of antimony leaching with sodium sulfide, the separation effect is not thoroughly, and the method is infeasible. The optimum operation conditions of antimony acid leaching are obtained as that the temperature is95℃, HCl concentration is4.0mol/L, liquid-solid rate is4:1, FeCl3excess coefficient is1.1, leaching time is0.5h and agitation rate of100rpm. On these conditions, antimony content was0.54%and gold was106.66g/t, the leaching rate of antimony reached99.05%while that of gold was only0.99%, which means high leaching rate of antimony, low loss of gold and the excellent separation are achieved. Above all, it established the foundation for favorable selective leaching of antimony and gold.Research on the property and pretreatment of antimony leaching residue showed that because of pretreatment of antimony by desulfurization with heated sodium hydroxide-chemical oxidation have many problems, such as complicated process, high loss rate of gold and reagent cost, oxidizing roasting was chosen as the best pretreatment process of antimony. The oxidation roasting conditions are roasting temperature of600℃, roasting time of1h, the results showed that the sulfur content of calcine was0.15%, the desulfurization rate was99.84%, and the main phase were hematite and gangue minerals. Changes of chemical composition and phase in the process of oxidizing roasting are studied by XRD and chemical phase analysis, reveal the mechanism of oxidizing roasting. The result showed that elemental sulfur is oxidized firstly, followed by decomposition and oxidation of pyrite, and the wrapped gold are gradually released with pyrite are destroyed, which also proved included-gold with pyrite is the main reason of difficult leaching of gold. Parameter optimization of the process of gold leaching, studies showed that the highest gold leaching rate reached95.92%with the leaching time of48h and NaCN concentration of0.3%.Integrated the whole teat process, the process of acid leaching of antimony-oxidizing roasting-cyanide leaching of gold is recommended, it realized the separation and recycling of antimony, sulfur and gold. Finally, the high leaching rate of antimony and gold are achieved.更多还原