【作者】 彭欣；

【导师】 宋占峰；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 交通运输工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 摘要：2013年底,全国公路通车里程达423.75万公里,铁路运营里程达10万公里,因此,公路的旧路改造及铁路既有线的维护及改扩建将会是一项繁重而艰巨的任务。研究既有线改扩建CAD技术具有重要的工程实际意义。本文以既有线拨量大小为恢复方案优劣的评价标准,基于坐标法理论,从测点到线元再到线形整体优化的关联入手,设计了基于改进模拟退火算法下线形迭代优化模型。本文优化模块主要由线元识别和线形迭代优化两大块组成,并相应提出正交拟合曲率趋势识别算法、线元分界模糊区概念及改进的模拟退火算法线形迭代优化模型。智能构建出一条中心线贴合度最佳且满足规范和技术要求的优化中线,线路达到整体目标最优。相关内容和研究成果概述如下：(1)由坐标法原理出发,提出基于中线采样测点绝对坐标下平面线形参数优化估计的新型算法。从初步线元识别模块到线形迭代优化模块两部分达到研究目的。(2)基于对线形线元分段识别方法的学习,利用正交最小二乘原理对三点圆曲率趋势判别算法进行改进,提出五点正交拟合曲率线元判别算法,从而有效地提高了测点分段识别的精确性和稳定性。为减少线元分段时所造成的测点归属误差,提出线元分界模糊区概念,并通过线形迭代优化模型对模糊区内测点进行自动重组,以满足目标要求。(3)提出基于改进模拟退火算法的线形迭代优化模型。建立以拨量平方和最小为目标的评价函数,以分段线元及测点为自变量的线形迭代优化模型。最后通过智能算法的引入,将改进的模拟退火算法与线形迭代优化模型相结合,在线形初步识别基础上进行策略搜索,智能构建出一条中心线贴合度最佳且满足规范和技术要求的设计中线,线形达到整体目标最优。(4)开发了基于CAD平台的平面线形优化辅助设计模块。在VC++6.0环境下采用CAD平台二次开发技术ObjectARX及数据库访问技术ADO,设计相关算法并开发平面线形优化辅助设计模块,自动生成最优线形及参数,并通过实例验证程序的正确性和实用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Abstract:At the end of2013, highway mileage have reached4.23million kilometers, and railway running mileage have reached0.1million kilometers in China. Therefore, there will be a heavy and hard task for the renovation of old road and extension construction of existing railway. Researching on Existing Line of Railway and Highway CAD Techology are of great engineering significances. Taken the size of adjusting distance as evaluation criterion for the quality of restoring project, which is based on the coordinate principle, and starts from measuring points to line elements, to the whole associated linear optimization, so this research designed the linear iterative optimization model under the improved simulated annealing algorithm. The Optimization Algorithm Module in this paper include linear elements recognition and linear iterative optimization, and accordingly put forward "the algorithm of trend discrimination approach on the orthogonal fitting curvature of five-point","the concept of boundary between confusion region", and "the linear iterative optimization model based on the improved simulated annealing algorithm". The optimized alignment which fits the actual measurements of centerline best and satisfies the design constraints and technical requirement is built intelligently. Alignment has achieved global objective function optimization. The main contents and research results are as follows:(1) By the method of coordinate principle, a new algorithm of the plane linear estimate parameters optimization which is based on the absolute coordinate of center line has been proposed. To achieve the research objective, this paper consists of two parts:preliminary identification of line element module and linear iterative optimization module.(2) Based on the method of line elements recognition, using the principle of orthogonal least square helps improving the "Trend Discrimination Approach on the Curvature of Three-point Algorithm", and thus proposing the "Trend Discrimination Approach on the Orthogonal Fitting Curvature of Five-point Algorithm" to improve effectively measuring point section identification’s accuracy and stability. The concept of "Fuzzy Area of Line Elements Boundary" are put forwarded to reduce the assignment errors of measuring point because of line elements piecewise, and then measuring points in fuzzy area are auto-reassigned through the linear elements iterative optimization model to meet the objective requirements.(3) A linear iterative optimization model which is based on the improved simulated annealing algorithm has been proposed. Establishing the linear iterative optimization model with the minimum of sum of squares as the objective function, as well as line elements and measuring points as independent variables. By introducing the intelligent algorithm, the improved simulated annealing algorithm are combined with linear iterative optimization model. The search strategy are based on the preliminary identification of alignment.At last, the optimized alignment which fits the actual measurements of centerline best and satisfies the design constraints and technical requirement is built intelligently, and the realignment achieved global objective function.(4) The plane linear optimization auxiliary design system are developed by using the platform of CAD.In VC++6.0environment, by using of CAD secondary development technology of ObjectARX and database accession ADO, the plane linear optimization auxiliary design module are developed. The module generates optimal alignment and parameters automatically, then verifies the correctness and feasibility of it by projects.更多还原