【作者】 刘燕；

【导师】 曾燕冰；

【作者基本信息】 江西师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 英国当代作家伊恩·拉塞尔·麦克尤恩是20世界70年代以来活跃于英国文坛的最具影响力的作家之一，是布克奖获得者，也是毛姆奖、惠特布雷奖的热门人选。麦克尤恩作品的一个共同主题是探索人与人之间的关系，特别是对男女之间性行为规范的探索，擅长用简洁细腻的文笔来刻画人性，近年来麦克尤恩的视野延伸到更广阔的层面上，表现出强烈的政治意识和生态思想。2010年3月出版的第十一部长篇小说《日光》就是一部关注气候变化和生态能源的作品，引起了评论界和读者的广泛关注和好评。《日光》在2010年5月底获得了波灵格大众伍德豪斯幽默小说奖，作者实际是以幽默讽刺笔触来揭露人性在人与自然的关系中的负面作用，以及人类扭曲的生态观这一严肃主题。本文尝试运用叙述学理论对《日光》进行分析，以叙事序列来揭露出反英雄式的主人公的人性弱点，从叙事者干预角度分析自然与人性之间不可调和的矛盾，从而来传达作者的生态中心主义思想。本论文包括五个部分，引言、主体部分和结论。引言部分简要介绍作家伊恩·麦克尤恩、《日光》的研究现状、本文的写作意义和研究方法以及论文框架。主体部分包括第二、第三和第四章。第二章运用托多洛夫的叙事序列理论分析了主人公迈克·别尔德个人身体状况、婚姻和爱情以及事业上所表现出来的失衡与僵化的叙事序列。由此得出反英雄式的人物别尔德无法承担起拯救生态的重任。第三章通过叙事者干预来分析人性与自然之间的较量。叙事者经常会介入小说中对本文的话语和故事进行解释、判断和概括。本章首先介绍查特曼的叙事者干预理论，再应用其对话语的干预理论和对故事的干预中的解释理论来分析文本，从而得出人性和自然之间的冲突是导致生态危机的根源。所以，要先解决自然与人性之间的冲突，才能真正拯救生态。第四章分析作者的生态观，即作者要向我们传达的如何拯救生态的思想：人类的生态观应从人类中心主义转向生态中心主义。通过分析小说中自然的声音和掌控着拯救地球的人类的声音得出，在人类中心主义或工具理论的驱使下，人类不可能真正做到保护环境，拯救地球。结论部分指出对生态文学进行叙述学分析能更好的体现出作者的生态思想：在拯救生态的基础上，首当其冲的是拯救人类几近异化的人性。运用叙事技巧对《日光》进行分析，挖掘了小说中深藏的寓意，为这类文本的分析提供新的可能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ian Russell McEwan, an English contemporary writer, is one of the mostinfluential writers in British literature since1970s, who is the Man Booker Prizewinner and the hopeful for Somerset Maugham Award, Whitman Prize. The commontheme of McEwan’s works is to probe the relationship between human beings,especially in exploring the sexual behavior between male and female. He is skilled indepicting human nature with concise and exquisite words. In recent years, McEwan’sview has spread to broader level, which exerts McEwan’s fierce politicalconsciousness and ecological thought. Solar, Ian McEwan’s eleventh novel publishedin March,2010, is a novel concerning about climate change and ecotype energy whichhas raised extensive attention and good reputation among critics and readers. In May,2010, Solar was awarded the Bollinger Everyman Wodehouse Prize for its humor.Writing in humorous and ironic style, McEwan exposes the serious theme——thenegative effect of human nature in the relationship between human and nature, andhuman beings’ distorted ecological view.This paper tries out applying narratology to analyze Solar, in order to exposeMichael Beard, the anti-hero’s weakness of human nature with narratologicalsequence, to analyze the irreconcilable contradiction between human nature andnature with commentary, and then to convey author’s ecologism thought. This paperhas five parts including introduction, main body and conclusion.First of all, the background information about the author and his work, theliterature review, the significance of the study, the structure and methodologies of thethesis have been introduced in the Introduction.The second chapter concentrates on analyzing the action sequence of theprotagonist, Michael Beard with Todorov’s narratological sequences, discussing theunbalanced and rigidified narratological sequences from Beard’s physical condition,marriage and love, career. From it, we get that an anti-hero is unable to burden theecological responsibility.The third chapter analyzes the bout between human nature and nature throughthe intervention of the narrator, or called Commentary. In a novel, the narrator usuallyintrudes into the novel to interpret, judge or generalize the discourse and the story. As well, this chapter will introduce Chatman’s Commentary theory, and then will analyzethis novel from commentary on the discourse and commentary on the story ofinterpretation, to draw a conclusion that the bout between human nature and nature isthe root to cause ecological crisis. Therefore, the bout between human nature andecology is the real problem that we should solve first, and then we can save thenature.The forth chapter will turn to analyze the author’s ecological view thathumanism needs turn to ecologism. After analyzing the voice of nature and that of themen who dominate the program of saving the earth, we get that under the drive ofhumanism, that with the idea of instrumental rationality, human beings can’t protectthe environment and save the earth from peril.Finally, the conclusion has been drawn that what Ian McEwan wants to conveyto the readers through this novel is that on the way to save the nature, we should saveour human nature first.This paper applies narrative techniques to analyze Solar which reveals theprofound meaning of this novel. This research will be available to the furthersupplement of anybody new enter.更多还原