【作者】 王晓丽；

【导师】 杨燕；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 遗传学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 小麦籽粒颜色影响面粉的色泽、种子休眠及穗发芽抗性。本论文以不同穗发芽抗性的白粒小麦品种为实验材料,利用普通PCR技术对不同穗发芽抗性的白粒小麦品种进行基因组扩增,探索Tamyb10基因在白粒小麦3A、3B和3D染色体上的等位变异。研究发现,Tamyb10-A1、B1和D1在不同穗发芽抗性的白粒小麦品种中存在多处单碱基突变,导致氨基酸极性的变化；Tamyb10-B1在高抗品种小白玉花B基因组第三外显子中有19bp碱基的插入,引起了移码突变,从而导致氨基酸序列发生改变。Tamyb10-D1基因在不同穗发芽抗性的白粒小麦中具有多态性,能扩增出1629bp片段的材料,平均GI值为24.5%,而出现非特异性扩增的材料,其平均GI值为39.8%,所以一个与小麦穗发芽抗性相关的STS标记被开发,并命名为Tamyb10D。应用该标记可以对不同穗发芽抗性的白粒小麦进行抗性筛选。目前,我们首次克隆得到了Tamyb10-D1基因在白粒小麦中的全长序列共2090个碱基。另外我们首次从小麦D基因组供体粗山羊草中获得了AeTamyb10-D1基因的全长序列。更多还原

【Abstract】 The grain color of the wheat affects not only brightness of flour and the seed dormancy, but also Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) tolerance. We explored the Tamyb10allelic variationsin on chromosome of3A,3B and3D in different white-grained PHS tolerance wheat through PCR method. The results showed that several single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) were detected in Tamyb10-A1in different PHS tolerance, some SNPs located in exon cause the changes of polar amino acid. Moreover Tamyb10-B1of Xiaobaiyuhua had an19bp insertion in the third exon, which caused remarkable change in amino acid sequence by a frame shift. And for Tamyb10-D, a polymorphism fragment detected in different white-grained PHS tolerance, a1629-bp fragment was amplified from higher PHS tolerance wheat with average GI value of24.5%, and no specific amplified products was detected in lower PHS tolerance wheat with average GI value of39.8%. So a STS marker of Tamyb10-D1gene was developed and designated as TamyblOD. Molecular marker TamyblOD could be used as an efficient and reliable marker to evaluate wheat selection for PHS tolerance. In addition, whole DNA sequences of Tamyb10-D1, was cloned in white-grained wheat for the first time.Moreover, Aegilops squarrosa L.is DD gene type and it is a major donor of D genome of wheat. In this study, the whole DNA sequence of AemyblOD was also cloned in Aegilops squarrosa L.更多还原