【作者】 李萍；

【导师】 高惠瑛；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是世界上受地震灾害影响最大的国家之一。我国处于亚欧板块的东南部，由于受到喜马拉雅地震带以及环太平洋地震带的影响，我国地震频繁而且强烈。目前，我国农村地区的人口数量在8亿左右，其中大约有百分之八十的人口生活在基本烈度为Ⅵ度及以上的地震危险区。与此同时，农村地区相较于城市地区无论是社会发展水平还是经济发展水平都相对落后，防灾减灾的意识相对淡薄甚至没有。我国地震频发，农村地区在历次地震中均受灾较重。另外，我国地域广阔，农村地区人口相对较多，农村住宅是农民赖以生存的根本所在，而关于农居的抗震防灾方面的工作却相对薄弱。因此，农居的抗震防灾值得重视。同时，由于地域的差异，各个区域农居的抗震性能同样参差有别，分析了解其具体情况，对以后抗震防灾工作的开展也有一定借鉴意义。本文以全国七大区域的农居为研究对象，运用熵权法与灰聚类相结合的方法对我国各区域农居的抗震性能进行评价，在充实的理论研究的基础上通过对全国七大区域120份农居调查数据的处理分析，并综合评价结果对各区域的农居抗震性能进行对比分析。1)查阅国内外关于抗震防灾方面的文献，总结该领域的研究进展。结合农居抗震的相关规范以及以往的震害记录，总结我国农居及其震害表现的相关概念及定义，同时分析近年来在相近地震等级下相关区域的地震灾害程度，并从农居的不同结构角度做出详细的震害分析。2)在震害分析的基础上结合农居的自身特性，分别从基本参数、体形因子、基础因子、整体性因子、墙体因子五个层面共选取21项评价指标构建单体农居抗震性能评价指标体系；运用熵权法与灰聚类相结合的方法构建农居抗震性能评价模型。3)从建造年代、结构类型、层数三个方面分析我国农居的现状，得出我国各区域的农居在以上三方面的分布特点。依据该分布特点在全部调查数据中选取各区域农居抗震性能评价的样本分析数据。4)对选取的120份样本分析数据进行量化处理、运用评价模型进行农居抗震性能计算，综合计算结果，对比分析各区域农居的抗震性能。计算出各个区域农居抗震性能在优、良、中、差、劣五个等级上的分布百分比，从整体上得出东北地区农居整体抗震性能最佳，西南地区最差的结论，并从各指标入手分析各区域农居的自身状况以及与其他区域比较的相对情况。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is one of the countries affected by earthquake most heavily. Our countrylocated in the southeast of the Eurasian plate. Due to the impact of Himalayan seismicbelt and the circum-Pacific seismic belt, China’s earthquakes is frequent and strong.At present, China’s population in rural areas is about800million, of which about80percent lives in seismic hazard zone where’s basic intensity is Ⅵ degrees and above.Both the level of social development or the level of economic development in ruralareas are relatively backward compared with that in rural areas, at the same time, theawareness of preventing and reducing disaster is relatively weak.China is an earthquake-prone country; rural areas were affected heabily in theprevious earthquakes. China is vast and the population in rural areas is relatively large.Rural housing is fundamental to the survival of farmers. But the work on preventingand reducing earthquake disaster of rural residential buildings is relatively weak. Sothe earthquake disaster prevention of rural residential buildings is worth attention.Also, due to the geographical differences, the seismic performance of rural residentialbuildings in various areas is different. Make analysis to understand their specificcircumstances, which has certain reference in the future work of earthquake disaster.This paper evaluates rural residential buildings’ seismic performance in variousareas of China based on the entropy method and gray clustering method. On the basisof substantial theoretical research and analysising120surveys of seven regions, makethe comprehensive evaluation of rural residential buildings’ seismic performance.1) See literature on earthquake disaster prevention and summarize the researchprogress in this area. Combined with rural residence, and relevant norms earthquakedamage ever recorded, summarized the concepts and definitions of rural residence anddamage performance. The same time, make analysis of recent earthquake disaster inearthquake closeness rank correlation region and from rural residential the differentangles to make detailed structural damage analysis. 2) On the basis of the seismic damage analysis combined with the properties ofrural residential buildings, build seismic performance evaluation system of ruralresidential buildings; build seismic performance evaluation model of rural residentialbuildings based on the entropy method and gray clustering method.3) Analyse the precent situation of China’s rural residential buildings from thethree aspects of construction era, structure type and layers’ number. Come to that thedistribution characteristics of China’s rural residential buildings in every region fromthese three aspects. Reference to the evaluation and comparison of seismicperformance in China’s rural residential buildings4) Make seismic performance calculation of rural residential buildings using theevaluation model. Do comparative analysis of rural residential buildings in everyregion based on the consolidated results. Come to the conclusion on the whole that thebest and the worst seismic performance of rural residential buildings are northeastregion and southwest region. Analysis the rural residential buildings’ conditions inseven regions and the relative ranking of their situation compared with other regionsfrom various indicators.更多还原