【作者】 王慧；

【导师】 韩金山； 崔德奎；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学 ， 工业工程（专业学位）， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 在21世纪,社会的进步、经济的发展以及技术的升级,对供电服务质量和电力网络发展提出了更高要求。随着环境的不断恶化和能源危机的出现,智能电网的概念应运而生,并在近些年成为全球电力行业研究和探讨的热点话题。“智能互动”作为智能电网的建设目标和主要特点,包括信息和能源的相互作用,以鼓励用户来改变使用的传统的用电方法,积极参与电网运行,根据实时电价调整功率模式,可实现分布式电源的“即插即用”电网连接的操作模式。随着智能电网的提出,电力需求侧管理被赋予了一些新的内涵,需求侧管理是智能电网不可或缺的部分,大力开展需求侧管理技术,是决定智能电网是否可以成功实施的关键根本因素。作为需求侧管理重要技术手段和需求响应重要支持手段的电力负荷管理系统,它可以有效地实现对电力负荷的实时监测,能够使电负荷特性曲线得到改善,缩小用电高峰与低峰的谷差,实现电力负荷优化分配,降低损失,并最终提高发电、供电、用电电器设备的利用率,对经济效益的提高和节约型国家的实施具有很重要的意义。本文以智能电网建设为背景,从分析国内外电力负荷管理系统的研究现状出发,得出了电力负荷管理系统建设的必然性；阐述了电力负荷管理系统与智能电网的相关理论知识；从可行性分析、架构对比分析、效益分析等三个层面对电力负荷管理系统进行系统分析；利用层次分析法构建了系统评价指标体系,在此基础上对电力负荷管理系统和电力负荷控制系统进行了评价,得出了电力负荷管理系统在智能电网取向上要优于负荷控制系统的结论；结合唐山地区负荷管理系统的实际应用情况,以层次模型分析法得出的评价准则为依据,从系统经济效益和管理战略两方面对电力负荷管理系统进行改进分析。电力负荷管理系统符合智能电网环境中智能用电的基本要求,是实施计划用电的必要措施,也是实施节约用电以及安全用电的技术手段,更是电力营销和客户服务工作的重要组成部分,具有显著的经济和社会效益,随着我国改革开放的深入和电力事业的发展,它将在智能电网进程中起到越来越重要的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In twenty-first Century, higher requirements have been put forward on the service quality of power supply and power network due to the development of society, economy and upgrading of technology. With the deterioration of the environment and energy crisis, the smart grid conceptemerge, as is required by the times, has become a global power industry research and a hot topic of discussion in recent years."Intelligent interactive", as the goal and main characteristics of smart grid, changes the traditional electric methods, to encourage users which includes interactions with information and energy. It participates in the power grid operation actively, and adjusts power mode according to the real-time electricity price. Distributed power supply can realize "plug and play" grid connected operation mode. With the proposed smart grid, power demand side management is endowed with new connotation, and demand side management is an integral part of the smart grid. Carrying out the demand side management technology vigorously is to identify whether the key of smart grid can be the fundamental factors for successful implementation or not. As an important technology of the demand side management and an important supporting method that demands response from power load management system, it can not only effectively realize the real-time monitoring of the power load, but also improve the electric load characteristic curve, reduce the valley difference of peak and low peak, optimize the allocation of power load, reduce losses, and eventually improve the effectiveness of electric equipment. It has great significance to implementing conservation-oriented energy policy and improving the economic benefit.Based on a background of intelligent power grid construction and started with the analysis of the research status of domestic and foreign power load management system, the dissertation arrives at the point that it is necessary to construct the power load management system. It elaborates the related theories of power load management system and smart grid. An analysis on the power load management system has been carried out on three dimensions of feasibility, structure contrast and benefit. Using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), an evaluation index system has been constructed, and on this basis, the power load management system and power load control system was evaluated, which leads to a conclusion that power load management system in the smart grid orientation should be superior to the load control system. Combined with the practical application of load management system in tangshan area, That basis on AHP come evaluation criteria, From systems of both economic and management strategies for power load management system improved analysis.The power load management system meets the basic requirements of intelligent electricity using in a smart grid environment. It is a necessary measure to the implementation of the planed use of electricity policy, and it is also the technical means of saving and safe use of electricity. It is an important part of power marketing and customer service and has significant economic and social benefits. With the deepening of China’s Reform and Opening up and the development of power industry, it will be playing an even more important role in the process of the smart grid.更多还原