【作者】 赵健；

【导师】 王尤富； 陈建达；

【作者基本信息】 长江大学 ， 石油与天然气工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 注水油藏经过长期的注水冲刷,侵蚀使得储层结构发生了较大的变化,油水井间逐渐形成了高渗透条带,严重的就形成了大孔道。大孔道的形成微观上表现为粘土矿物剥蚀,流体的渗流方式发生改变；宏观上则表现为加剧了层间矛盾,使得油藏非均质性进一步加强,注水的低效或无效循环大大降低了注水利用率。本文通过开发特征分析表明乌南油田乌4井区部分油水井进入中高含水阶段。进一步分析主力油层组的沉积状况、孔-渗结构特征,初步认识了油藏形成大孔道的可能性。井区综合含水、含水上升率、注水利用率和井间连通性均表明,井区物性较好,与注入井广泛连通的生产井存在大孔道,含水率上升到了80%以上。为了达到稳油控水,提高水驱效率的目的,必须采取封堵调剖的措施,而对大孔道的准确识别和量化描述成为关键问题。本文在全面调研相关文献的基础上,从地质和开发两个方面阐述了影响大孔道形成的机理。通过对乌4井区油水井开发资料的统计,明确了综合含水率、含水上升率的变化规律,再结合灰色关联分析理论和测井解释结论两个方面对注采井间的连通性作了简要分析,形成了对大孔道的初步认识。综合分析乌4区块的地质特性和开发资料,确定了影响大孔道形成发展的静态和动态指标,结合模糊综合评判理论和层次分析法建立了乌4区块大孔道识别体系,得出了指标评价的权重并确定了各指标的隶属度函数。提出了乌4井区油水井储层状况的三级分级标准,应用建立的识别体系将油水井进行了分级归纳,从而达到识别大孔道的目的。基于渗流理论和模糊数学手段,将注采井间过量水进行了劈分,确定了生产井的劈分系数,进而确定了大孔道体积的计算公式；将大孔道中流体的流动看作一维线性流,推导出了大孔道渗透率的计算公式；再应用Carman-Kozeny公式确定了大孔道喉道半径的计算公式。最后,利用“C#”高级编程语言开发了注水油藏大孔道识别及参数计算系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 After a long period of water flooding washed out, and the long-term water erosion makes great changes have taken place in reservoir structure, a high permeability channel gradually formed between oil and water Wells, serious large pore was created in the water flooding reservoir. In the micro level, large pore is the cause of formation of clay minerals denudation and the change of fluid seepage way. In macro perspective, large pore caused the sharpening contradictions between the layers, increasing reservoir heterogeneity, water injection of inefficient or ineffective circulation greatly reduces the utilization rate of water injection. This article through the analysis of development characteristics, it shows the Wu-4wells group entered the stage of high water in Wunan oilfield. Through further analysis of the main oil layer sedimentary condition and pore-permeability structure characteristics, beginning to recognize the possibility of the formation of large pores in the reservoir. Comprehensive water cut, water cut rising rate, water use efficiency and connectivity between Wells show that wells have good properties, large pore widely exists in wells that have a good connectivity, and these Wells moisture content up to80%.The wells and layers with low efficiency circle have to been controlled by measures such as profile control or water plugging and so on, so as to improve the effect of water flooding, and the key is to recognize them.On the basis of the comprehensive research literature, the article explains the mechanism of Influence the formation of large pores from two aspects of geology and development. Based on development data, has been clear changes of comprehensive water cut and water cut rising rate, and the brief analysis between the injection-produc-tion well connectivity was made by using the theory of grey correlation and logging interpretation conclusion, thus formed a preliminary understanding of large pore.Through a comprehensive analysis of the geological features and development data of Wu-4block to determine the static and dynamic index that affecting the formation of large pore, and combined with the theory of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and analytic hierarchy process to establish the identification system of large pore of Wu-4block, and to determine the index weight and membership functions. Raised the three-level classification standard of reservoir conditions, and application identification system has carried on the classification for oil and water Wells reservoir conditions, so as to achieve the purpose of identifying large pore. Based on percolation theory and fuzzy mathematics method, excess water between wells were splitting to determine the split coefficient of production well, and then large pore volume calculation formula were determined. The fluid flow was regarded as flow one-dimensional linear flow, deduced the calculation formula of permeability. Application Carman-Kozeny equation determined the formula of a large pore throat radius. Finally, based on "c#" high-level programming language, a large pore identification and parameter calculation system is developed for water injection reservoir.更多还原