【作者】 王晨；

【导师】 王冶英；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 经济法学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 新型农村合作医疗制度是我国为了解决农民的看病难题而在农村地区推行实施的农村医疗保险制度。作为现行的农村医疗保险制度，新型农村合作医疗制度在减轻农民的医疗负担，提高医疗保障服务水平方面发挥了极其重要的作用。虽然我国现在正进入城市社会为主的新成长阶段，但是我们不能轻视占我国人口大多数的农民的医疗保险问题。因为农民的身体健康状况关乎农业的发展，而农业作为“母亲产业”，是国民经济的基础，其重要性和地位不能被忽视。农民的身体健康状况与农村医疗保险制度密切相关。因此，对我国的农村医疗保险制度进行研究，完善我国的农村医疗保险法律制度，对于提高农村居民的身体健康素质、促进农业经济的发展、保障我国经济社会的稳定发展具有极其重要的现实意义。我国的农村医疗制度经历了萌芽和初创、发展和鼎盛、衰落和解体以及恢复和发展几个阶段，而我国现行的农村医疗保险制度即新型农村合作医疗制度正是在总结以前农村医疗制度的经验教训基础之上才建立起来的。我国的新型农村合作医疗制度的主要内容包括了新型农村合作医疗制度的统筹层次、医疗基金的筹集、管理机构、监督机制等。该制度在其运行过程中发挥了积极作用，但同时也暴露出诸多的问题，例如立法落后、统筹层次不高、监督机制不健全等方面。为了使农村居民能够享受到良好的医疗保障服务，促进农村经济的发展，维护社会经济的稳定发展，必须采取相应的对策完善我国的农村医疗保险法律制度。国外的诸多国家在农村医疗保险法律制度的建设方面取得了突出的成就，因此，为了更好地完善我国的农村医疗保险法律制度，本文还对英国、德国、巴西以及泰国的农村医疗保险制度进行研究，并对各国的农村医疗保险制度进行了评析，从而总结出对我国农村医疗保险法律制度的完善有借鉴价值的措施。本文针对我国农村医疗保险法律制度在运行过程中暴露出的问题，结合国外农村医疗保险制度对我国的重要启示，阐述了完善我国农村医疗保险法律制度应坚持的原则，这包括了法制化原则、公平与效率兼顾原则等。本文还从农村医疗保险法律制度的立法和实施机制方面提出了完善我国农村医疗保险法律制度的具体对策，这其中主要包括完善相关法律、提高统筹层次、增加对农村医疗保险的投入以及建立全方位的监督机制等方面。更多还原

【Abstract】 The new rural cooperative medical system is our country’s rural medical insurancesystem which is established to solve the farmers’ medical care problem. As the currentrural medical insurance system in our country, the new rural cooperative medical caresystem has played an extremely important role on reducing the medical burden offarmers and improving the level of medical care service.Although China is now entering a new urban community-based growth stage, butwe can not underestimate the farmers’ medical insurance who account the majority ofChina’s population. Because the physical health of farmers related to the development ofagriculture, and agriculture as‘mother industry’ is the foundation of the nationaleconomy, whose importance and status can not be ignored. Farmer’s physical health isclosely related to the rural medical insurance system. Therefore, the study of ruralmedical insurance system and perfecting the rural medical insurance system in ourcountry are help to improve the health quality of rural residents and promote thedevelopment of agricultural economy, so as to ensure the steady development of China’seconomy and society.Rural medical care system in China has experienced the germination and start-up,development and prosperity, decline and collapse, recovery and development stages.China’s current rural medical insurance system is gradually built up on the basis ofsumming up lessons learned from previous rural health care system. The main contentsof the new rural cooperative medical system include the aspects of the overall level ofrural medical insurance system, medical fund raising, management organization andsupervision mechanisms. The system has played an active role in the course of itsoperation, but it also exposed many problems. The main problems of the rural medicalinsurance system in the operation reflect in backward legislation, the low overall level,imperfect supervision mechanism and so on. To enable rural residents to enjoy goodhealth care services, promote rural economic development and keep society economy development stable, appropriate measures must be taken to improve China’s ruralmedical insurance legal system.Many countries abroad have made outstanding achievements in building ruralmedical insurance aspects of the legal system. Therefore, in order to improve China’srural medical insurance legal system, the paper also has a study on the UK, Germany,Brazil and Thailand’s rural medical insurance system, and the author analyses the ruralmedical insurance system, and thus summed up reference value measures for theperfection of legal system of rural medical insurance system in China. This paper is basedon the problems China’s rural medical insurance legal system has exposed in the runningprocess, and combines with important implications abroad rural medical insurancesystem for China. This chapter elaborates the principles that we improve the ruralmedical insurance system should stick to. The principles include the principle of the ruleof law, taking account of fairness and efficiency and so on. The paper puts forward thespecific countermeasures from the rural medical insurance legislation and theimplementation mechanism to perfect the rural medical insurance system. The specificcountermeasures mainly include perfecting relevant laws and improving the overalllevel, increasing investment in rural medical insurance and establishing comprehensivesupervision mechanism and so on.更多还原