【作者】 王燕；

【导师】 张秀全；

【作者基本信息】 上海大学 ， 民商法学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 在电子商务日益发展的今天，保险业也渐渐引入了电子商务的应用。在传统纸质保险业的基础上，大力发挥电子商务的优势。各大保险公司根据自身的特点，针对不同的消费群体定制了利用网络平台生成电子保险合同的产品。目前，我国保险公司推出的电子商务保险合同主要有网上业务和卡式业务两大类。在自助保险卡业务中电子保险合同具有节约成本、便利投保等优势的同时也会产生一些争议与纠纷。本文通过对自助保险卡业务中电子保险合同的成立及生效问题进行了研究，探讨了自助保险卡交易与激活保险卡两个行为的性质，论证前者属于保险合同的预约的观点。前面的交易自助保险卡的行为之所以存在，是为了订立本约保险合同。而本约保险合同则通过激活自助保险卡生成电子保单而成立。在预约合同当中，交易保险卡时的费用如何定性？直接影响到本约未订立时费用的返还与否。本文将其定性为预交的保费。在本约保险合同未成立的情况下，保险人需要退还预收的保险费。但是投保人需要以支付一定的手续费来承担预约违约责任，金额应当在保险卡或者产品说明手册当中明确载明。激活保险卡是在预约当中当事人双方约定的履行订立本约的义务，投保人或者最后的持卡者应当在双方约定的有效期限内进行激活保险卡。在持卡者授权代理人或者本人进行激活时，保险人设置的投保流程对保险合同条款的说明义务的履行是否符合保险法的规定决定了该条款的法律效力。而实务当中会存在保险业务员主动或者接受持卡者的授权，代为激活保险卡，这种双方代理的效力直接影响保险事故发生之后保险公司理赔与否。例如对保险人设置的格式条款关于职业类别的限制、保险责任起始时间的规定和免责条款等内容的说明义务履行方式是否符合保险法的规定，这些条款的效力对于保险合同的效力的影响力。当这些条款说明方式不能够足以引起投保人的注意，而生成电子保单之后发生保险事故，保险公司是否应当承担未履行说明义务的法律后果。在目前的实务中，明晰自助保险卡业务中存在的争议问题对于保险业务的发展具有重要作用。本文最后从如何促进自助保险卡业务健康发展提出了一些法律对策，立法部门应当尽快制定有效的法律法规弥补电子保险商务的立法空缺，力使此类保险纠纷发生之后有法可依；作为保险人本身应当加大自我管理和约束，在制定格式条款的同时，应当接受保险监督机构的指导和监督。而保险监督部门和政府部门的责任尤为重大，对设置险种、制定保险合同流程、审核及后期理赔各流程进行监督管理，必要时应给予有效指引。解决好这些问题，对于保险行业的发展和广大消费者的合法权益有很重要的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous development of electronic commerce, Insurers are alsogradually introduced the application of e-commerce. On the basis of traditional paperindustry, we can take advantage of electronic commerce. Different insurancecompanies make use of network platform to generate electronic products of insurancecontract for different consumer groups according to its own characteristics. At present,there are two kinds electronic insurance contract.The self-service insurance card has the advantages, such as cost saving,convenient, at the same time it also can produce some controversy and disputes. Thisarticle studies the establishment and effect of the self-service card and researches theself-service card transactions and activation. The self-service card transaction is thereservation contract of the insurance contract. The trading of self-insurance cardsexists, is for setting up the insurance contract. And the self-insurance contract isgenerated by activating the electronic card. Among the reservation contract, the natureof the cost of the insurance card impacts the return the cost or not directly. In thispaper, it is characterized as prepaid premiums. In case the insurance contract isn’testablished, the insurer needs to refund premiums received in advance. However,policyholders need to pay a reservation fee to bear liability for breach; the amountshould be clearly stated in the insurance cards or product manual.Activation insurance card is the obligation which the two parties promise toagree the contact in the reservation，the applicants or the card holders should activatethe activation insurance card in the efficient deadline which the two parties agreedwith. When the agent of the card holders or themselves activate the card， theinsurance progress setting by insurers to the explanatory obligation of insurancecontract，if it accords with the stipulation of Insurance Act，which determines theefficacy. However, in practice there is some situation that the insurance salesmaninitiates or accept card holder`s authorization, to substitute to activate the insurancecard, this efficacy of the two parties agency directly affect the compensation or notafter the accidents happen. Terms of content formats such as insurers set limits on occupational categories, rules and disclaimers, such as start time insurance obligationsunder the instructions for coping with the Insurance Law, the effect of theseprovisions for validity of the insurance contract influence. When these provisionscannot explain the way enough to cause the insured’s attention, while insurance afterthe accident to generate electronic insurance policy, the insurance company shouldbear the legal consequences of failure to fulfill the obligations described.In current practice, making the controversial issue clearly is important for thedevelopment of the insurance business. Finally, the paper raises some law suggestionto promote the healthy development of self-insurance cards business, such as thelegislative department shall develop effective laws and regulations to cover theinsurance business electronic vacancies as soon as possible. As the insurer itselfshould increase self-management and restraint, while in terms of the development ofthe format, it should accept the guidance and supervision of the insurance supervisorybodies. The insurance supervision departments and government agencies areparticularly significant for setting insurance; developing processes the insurancecontract and post-audit and managing the various processes, providing effectiveguidance if necessary. Solving these problems is important for the development of theinsurance industry and consumers.更多还原