【作者】 李娜；

【导师】 刘永健；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 在国内外，木结构桥梁均为最早出现的桥型之一。木材因其在结构与美学方面的优越性能，以及在生态效益方面的特殊价值，从古至今一直是桥梁工程师钟爱的结构材料。集科学性、创造性与艺术性于一体的木结构桥梁是中华文化的一大亮点。虽然传统木结构起源于中国，现代木结构则集中于北美、欧洲、日本等。在我国，人们对于木结构是熟悉又陌生的。因此，本文在搜集整理国内外相关资料的基础上，以木结构桥梁为研究对象，研究其在我国的应用可行性及前景。具体研究内容如下：（1）基于木结构桥梁结构形式，从历史的角度探讨中国传统木结构桥梁的发展演变及结构特点。结果表明：传统木结构桥梁由于其材料自身局限性，跨越能力及耐久性能有限，虽然其历史悠久，但由于缺乏科学理论的指导，又无新材料和新科技的支撑，所以很难跨入近现代桥梁的时代，并逐渐被钢与混凝土桥梁所替换。（2）针对木结构桥梁认识误区，探讨分析国外木结构桥梁发展及特点，为我国发展现代木结构桥梁提供借鉴思考。结果表明：不同与传统木结构桥梁，现代木结构桥梁由于现代木产品、连接、防火、防腐等技术的发展，其耐久性、跨越能力均有很大程度的提高，在中小跨径桥梁中是理想的桥梁造型，我们有必要重新认识并发展现代木结构桥梁。（3）从我国国家政策支持、森林资源现状、林木业贸易状况、木结构企业、新型木结构产品、相关标准等方面集中探讨木结构桥梁在我国应用的可行性及应用领域、前景。结果表明：木结构桥梁在我国具备应用可行性，在我国中小跨径桥梁、人行景观桥梁、抗险救灾桥梁及西部严寒地区具有广阔的应用前景。（4）以板桥及板拱桥为工程背景，分析CLT在中小跨径桥梁中的适用范围。结果表明：板桥中九层的CLT板单孔跨径可至13m，板拱桥中单孔跨径可至20m，并有较大富余度。实际工程中推荐优先采用以受拉压力为主的拱桥与桁架桥，或采用钢-木组合结构形式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Timber bridges are one of the earliest bridge at home and aboard. Owing to wood’ssuperior performance of structure and aesthetics, and its special value in ecological benefits,it’s the favorite building materials for bridge engineers. Timber bridges is a highlight of theChinese culture which integrating scientific and creation and artistic. Although traditionaltimber bridges originated in China, but modern timber bridges is concentrated in NorthAmerica, Europe, Japan, etc. In our country, people are familiar and strange to it. Therefore,based on the collecting timber bridges information, this article takes timber bridges as theresearch object, the research contents are as follows:（1）From the history perspective，based on timber bridges’ structure forms, it isdiscussed the evolution and structural characteristics of traditional timber bridges. Resultsshow that due to material’s limitations, spanning capacity and endurance is limited. Eventhough traditional timber bridges had a long history, but it’s lack of the guidance of scientifictheory and support of new materials and technology. It’s difficult to enter the modern bridgesera and gradually replaced by steel and concrete bridges.(2) About the misunderstanding on timber bridges, it is discussed its development andcharacteristics on abroad. Results show that different from traditional timber bridges, due tothe development of technology, such as modern timber products, connection, fire prevention,anti-corrosion, durability and spanning capacity, timber bridges is the ideal bridge model inthe medium and small span bridge, and it is necessary for us to recognize and develop moderntimber bridges.(3) From national policy support, the condition of present situation of forest resources,forestry industry and trade, timberwork, new wood products and related standards. It’sfocused on the application feasibility and fields of timber bridges in China. Results show thattimber bridges can applied to the following fields, such as medium and small span bridges,landscape pedestrian bridges, risk and disaster bridges and west cold region bridges.(4) Take the slab and slab arch bridge as the engineering background, analysis the CLT inmedium and small span bridge and put forward its scope of application. Results show that thenine layers of single span CLT can be to13m, arch bridge of single span to more than20m.itis recommended preferentially the tensile stress of arch bridge and truss bridge, or in theform of steel and wood composite structure in the practical engineering.更多还原