【作者】 韩锋；

【导师】 王轲；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 工程力学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 飞行器在某些特殊的工作环境下，一些组成部件的振动水平往往大于设计要求，这会严重影响结构的使用寿命和驾驶人员的健康。如果重新设计结构的外形尺寸以降低其振动水平，需要花费大量时间与金钱。为了在不改变原有结构的前提下有效降低结构的振动水平，在原结构上附加动力吸振器是十分经济和必要的工程减振方法。本文主要研究了一种较好的动力吸振器设计方法。首先，根据动力吸振器基本理论，针对多自由度复杂结构建立动力吸振器的力学模型，由被吸振结构的共振频率初步确定吸振器的质量大小和刚度形式。然后，对吸振器和被吸振结构整体进行动力学优化设计，选取合适的优化算法和目标函数，确定动力学优化的力学模型。通过MATLAB搭建优化平台，编写程序以实现MATLAB对NASTRAN的调用，通过优化迭代得到符合要求的吸振器参数。为了验证动力吸振器设计的有效性，以某舱体为实际结构进行动力学仿真计算和实验验证。以结构在一定频率范围内的最大位移为优化目标，比较了优化前后吸振器的减振效率；以结构整体功率流为优化目标，分析了吸振器对结构整体的减振效果；使用穷举法和遗传算法对吸振器的位置与吸振效率的关系进行了讨论。最后，设计出动力吸振器的试验件，对动力吸振器的吸振效果进行验证。实验结果说明了动力吸振器仿真计算的可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In certain conditions,the vibration level of the component parts of the aircraft is often greaterthan the design value.This situation will seriously affect the structure’s life and the drivers’s health.Ifengineers redesign the dimension of these vibratinal structure,its mass distribution and stiffnessdistribution changed,and the vibration level of the whole structure can be changed.However,thismethod of redesign is always very costly and time consuming.An economic and necessary approachto reduce vibration is to attach dynamic vibration absorber in the orginal structure.This paper studies an optimization method which is suitable for dynamic vibration absorber’sdesign.First,according to the basic theory of vibration absorbers,determine the size of masscomponent and elastic component by calculating the resonant frequency of the structure which needto reduce vibration.Then,design the dynamic optimization for the coupling structure which consists ofthe absorber and the main structure.Determine the mechanical model of the dynamic optimization byselecting the appropriate optimization algorithm and the objective function.Build an optimizationplatform by using matlab software,get absorber parameters which meet the designrequirements.Third,this paper designs an dynamic vibration absorber for a cabin structure of theaircraft.Compared the damping efficiency before and after optimization,analyze the damping effect ofthe total structure by using absorber,discuss the influence of the position of the absorberefficiency.Finally,we design a test piece of dynamic vibration absorber and do experiments by using it.Exprimental results demonstrate the reliability of the simulation caculations of the dynamic absorber.更多还原