【作者】 张胜；

【导师】 黄卫清；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 非共振型直线压电点驱动器采用叠层压电堆作为作动元件，具有驱动电压低、直接输出大变形的特点，避免了由共振所引起的输出性能的强烈非线性，在微、纳米级驱动技术应用方面有广阔的前景。本文基于这一特点提出并研制了两种低频大行程直线型压电电机。与共振式压电电机相比，该电机在低频范围内输出速度与驱动频率的线性度好，可控性较好。主要的研究内容和成果概述如下：系统地介绍了压电型直线电机及其精密定位平台的研究现状，分析了基于共振型直线电机在定位精度方面的限制因素，指出了基于叠层式压电陶瓷的非共振型直线电机的特点。介绍了叠层型压电陶瓷的特性，并对两种类型的叠层型压电陶瓷动态特性进行了实验研究，为电机的设计提供了依据。提出了一种基于尺蠖原理的直线压电电机，分析了电机采用尺蠖式步进的原理，并对电机的工作机理进行了详细的分析；在定子结构设计方面，采用三组相同作动及箝位机构，在动子结构方面，基于柔性铰链原理，设计动子的结构方案，并从理论上分析了方案的可行性。基于叠层压电陶瓷在低频带范围内的变形幅值大、与驱动电压线性度好且基本不随驱动频率变化的特点，提出了一种双足式低频大行程直线电机来解决单驱动足电机在低频工作时驱动足无法脱离导轨的问题，对电机驱动足运行轨迹、电机运行原理进行详细分析。根据电机工作原理及结构分析，设计制造出样机，并对装配样机进行详细的分析。对电机进行了实验研究。电机在低频范围内输出速度与驱动频率的线性度好，达到了预期的设计目标。实验结果表明电机具有工作频带宽、结构紧凑、输出稳定可靠等特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Non-resonant linear motor adopt the laminated piezoelectric ceramics as actuator element, theyhave the characteristics of low voltage driver, direct output the large deformation, and avoid thestrongly nonlinear output performance caused by the resonance, On the purpose of high precision,Two new types of non-resonant linear motor were realized based on forced vibration of piezoelectricstack. In this thesis, experiments of piezoelectric stack, the construction of actuators, and the driversof motor was discussed. The main research achievements and work were summarized as follows.Current research of piezoelectric linear motors and the stage based on that were introduced. Theadvantage and disadvantage of resonant motors and non-resonant motors were discussed.The basic characteristics of piezoelectric stack were introduced. In order to get the foundation ofmotor design, about dynamic characteristic experiments of piezoelectric stack were carried out.A linear piezoelectric motor based on the inchworm principle was introduced, the workingmechanism of the motor was analyzed in details; the stator structure used three sets of the sameactuator and the clamping mechanism, and the slider structure used the principle of flexible hinge.Finally, the feasibility of the program was analyzed theoretically.Based on piezoelectric stacks of low driving voltage, high amplitude of displacement, largeoutput force, a new type of piezoelectric linear motor based on non-resonant vibration was introduced,which could solve the problem that the motor with single foot cannot be off the rail in thelow-frequency. The motor’s operation principle was analyzed in details, according to its workingprinciple, a prototype was been designed and manufactured. Finally, the assembly program wasanalyzed in details.Finally, the mechanical properties of the motor were tested. The experimental results showed thecharacteristics of the motor: wide operating band, simple structure, stable and reliable output, etc.更多还原