【作者】 王洋；

【导师】 许静；

【作者基本信息】 贵州师范大学 ， 世界史， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要内容包括1812年美英战争的简介及影响，这场战争既包括对美国的影响，也包括对加拿大和英国的影响，但是本文只论述对美国的影响。其中对美国的影响包括经济影响、政治影响以及军事影响。本文对战争本身只做简单的叙述，而战争所给美国带来的影响才是本文重点研究的内容，本文具体内容如下：第一章详细的介绍了战争所带来的经济影响，由于禁运法案和战争中英国的海上封锁，海运贸易遭受打击，使得更多的商人把资金投向国内，从而促进了国内制造业的发展；1812年战后，美国实行了贸易保护主义，大幅度的提高关税来保护新生的美国工业，但这却又激化了南北双方的经济矛盾。第二章主要阐述了战争所带来的政治影响，1812年美英战争中联邦党人的不爱国行为使其在战后影响力基本消失，从而也就退出了美国的政治舞台；面对1812年美英战争中所暴露出的诸多问题，执政的共和党也需要进行总结以及对国家主张进行调整，来建立一个更稳固更强大的美国；《根特和约》的签订以及对印第安人的战争也解决了长期困扰美国的边境和领土问题。第三章叙述了战场战争所带来的军事影响，战争中暴露出来的军事思想的落后以及军事体制的不完善使得美国领袖在战后开始大刀阔斧的改革；战争中面对英国海军的封锁无力抵抗的美国终于意识到强大的海军对于一个三面环海国家的重要性，“海军第一”的思想也随之确立。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this passage,the author gives a brief introduction of the Second AngloAmerican War and its corresponding influence on economy, politics and military. Thispassage simply covers partial narration of war itself, instead, emphasizes on theinfluences brought about by the war. For more details, please browse below:In Chapter1, the author begins from the description of war, for instance, theIndependence War brought the economic interests and sovereignty contradictionbetween Britain and America to a peak, contradictions within the party and voice ofnationalist deduced the outbreak of the American Civil War to an inevitableoutcome/trend. In between the Anglo American War and battles between America andAmerican Indian reached a compromise with the sign of Ghent Contract.In Chapter2, the author gives a detailed introduction of economic influence ofwar.For the reason of the Embargo Act and naval blockade caused by Britain,seabornetrade embargo bill sustained great losses, made it possible for more investmentstransferred into domestic market and boosted the development of domesticmanufacturing industry.Furthermore,the American government promulgated1816Tariff, which upgraded customs by a wide marginm as a result, protective tarrif flaredup the economic contradiction between North and South.In Chapter3, the author focuses on the political impact by the war, which mainlyimplies that the conspiracy by federalist to disrupt a federation was smashed.Afterwards, the federalists collapsed and retired from the stage of history.“JohannaDispute”, which to choose to be an industrialized country or an agricultural oneremained discussion. However, with the outbreak of1812War and expansion ofIndustrial Revolution,president Jefferson came to realize that industry is the key to astrong nation. Moreover, the sign of Ghent Contract and war to Indians brought thestinker to an end.更多还原