【作者】 王瑾；

【导师】 傅利平；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 工商管理， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 2007年底爆发金融危机以来，全球经济形势持续恶化，如今已逐步进入到以“美国经济去虚拟化、国际金融去杠杆化、世界经济去全球化”的后经济危机时代。债务、货币、银行等问题丛生，国际金融市场持续动荡，“贸易保护主义”“经济壁垒”问题难以避免。我国经济也出现了增速放缓的迹象，建筑业、汽车工业、造船业经营状况不佳，对钢材需求减少，钢铁工业整体销售形势面临挑战。同时世界范围内的钢铁产能过剩，造成的高额库存成本以及由于新技术引进不及时无法实现将生产初级产品向高级产品的转化，也给我国钢铁行业自身发展带来困难。煤炭作为钢铁工业的主要原料，其市场与钢铁市场有很强关联性，受市场需求影响钢材市场价格不断下跌，其原材料价格如：铁矿石、炼焦煤、焦炭价格也持续走低。2013年由于WTO贸易裁决中败诉导致中国取消了9种原材料出口限制政策，对出口形势起到了积极的推动作用，同时也迫切需要建立行业发展新秩序。中小型煤炭企业受内外部因素影响，其发展过程中遭遇过瓶颈也取得过辉煌，但在漫长的发展历程中存在的必然和必要性离不开其自身特点和优势，本文就以JA集团海外焦化项目投产为例，探讨在全新经济环境下，中小型煤炭企业该如何发展。本文首先通过分析后金融危机对世界经济的影响，结合目前钢铁行业发展及贸易环境的变化，分析中小型煤炭企业的生存现状，提出了其未来发展方向。其次，针对我国现行对于煤炭行业进出口政策及JA集团自身特点，以该集团投产的海外焦化项目为例，试述了中小企业响应国家“走出去”号召，利用自身优势和现有资源平台进行整合改造，同时积极拓宽海外市场，由过去以业务为主导向业务和管理并重转型。最后本文使用SWOT分析法，来探究海外焦化项目在现有条件下开展的可行性和必要性，并针对中小型企业发展及管理模式提出了诸多思考。更多还原

【Abstract】 It’s known that the economic situation is getting worse and worse on the globalscale since financial crisis which has been burst out in2007. The characteristics ofeconomics situation are emphasis on “Dummy American Economy Reducing”;“International Financial Levers Reducing”;“Globalization of World EconomyReducing”, it means that the “Past-Financial crisis Era” is coming.The argument about protectionism of international trade is so hot, and theInter-financial market is getting unbalance and western economy always at a low ebb,the problems about liabilities and monetary or banks are becoming worsen too. Alsohad we to be facing the crisis of protectionism trade and trade barrier, both of themare un-avoided.There are indications that our situation is also affected by crisis, the speed ofeconomic developing is slowly. And face the challenges or worse condition, such asbuilding industry, auto industry, and shipbuilding industry for the need of steelproducts is decreasing. On the country, steel overproduction leads to cost inflation inthe global scale, and we can not turn primary output into superior ones on the reasonof we couldn’t import technology on time, our steel industry is difficult in developingpresently.Coal can be regarded as the primary raw material, it’s and steel’s market areinterrelated and interdependent. The coal price is cutting down because of steelneeding. And the price of raw coal material is also reducing vastly, such as iron ore,coking coal and coke, and so on.In2013, China lost a lawsuit in trade and has been adjudicated according toWTO. It forced China government had to cancel nine policies about limits exportingfor raw materials. We need a new sequence of coal development as soon as possibleeven if which plays an important role in export situation. In the course of brilliant orwane times of small and middle-sized coal enterprises, they are influenced oninner-outer economical factors. Developing couldn’t be realized without theirpriorities and characters obviously.The argument in this article wants to prove how to develop under the presentglobal economy situations to those small and middle-sized coal enterprises. And itexamples the “Overseas Investment of Coking” item of JA Group. Firstly, it analyzesthe influences on the world economy in post-financial crisis era, and demonstrates the present condition and future aims of coal enterprises. Secondly, it proves thetransformation and improvement for using present resources and advantages, andexplains the necessary of activity in widening overseas market by changing modefrom “business” to “both business and administration” under the national calling“Going out”. Finally, it makes feasibly and essential study on overseas coking market,and lists some suggestions about developing modes and administrations for small andmiddle-sized coal enterprises.更多还原