【作者】 颜海棋；

【导师】 雷正保；

【作者基本信息】 长沙理工大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 汽车碰撞吸能装置作为汽车最重要的安全部件,在整个碰撞过程中,直接起到保护乘员的最后一道关卡的作用。而具有能够智能吸能的碰撞吸能装置则更有意义。由于现在的汽车碰撞吸能装置其吸能原理采用的是金属压溃变形,吸能能力不可调,一旦发生碰撞事故,将导致汽车车身前部零部件的塑性变形甚至汽车整车报废,不仅直接危害乘员生命安全,而且造成巨大的直接经济损失。为此,本文设计了一种基于螺纹剪切吸能且能实现冲击导杆自由伸缩的新型碰撞吸能装置,并开展了以下研究:首先综述了国内外研究现状;讨论了现有吸能机理及吸能结构存在的不足;结果表明,开展智能吸能以及新的汽车碰撞吸能机理研究,不仅意义重大而且迫在眉睫。随后详细介绍了汽车碰撞吸能装置的设计思想,包括设计初衷,结构形式,工作原理等,并拟出一个能够实现自由伸缩的装置的设计方案,随着研究的深入,发现存在问题,并及时对方案进行了验证,最终得到一个更可行的实际应用方案。经过对金属剪切以及飞剪的力学特性分析,从中找到了相似之处及差异之处,并根据仿真试验确定了一个螺纹剪切吸能装置的力学特性计算公式。通过对不同螺距的一系列套管螺纹进行仿真分析,总结出单线螺纹的吸能能力用于汽车高速碰撞还存在不足;之后通过对三种不同材料的同等螺纹参数的套管螺纹进行仿真碰撞分析,得出:双线螺纹具有比单线螺纹更优良的吸能能力以及力学特性,比较适合汽车高速碰撞吸能装置的设计。并且通过了50km/h以及56km/h的整车碰撞仿真分析。研究结果表明,本文提出的基于冲击导杆冲剪套管螺纹的新型汽车碰撞吸能装置对于确保汽车在高速碰撞下的安全性是有效的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The car crash’s energy absorbing equipment is the most important component for safety, during the process of a car crashing, which plays a role as the last safe gate. Furthermore, the intelligent energy absorbing equipment is with much more significant. Metal bruise deformation is now used widely in energy absorbing equipment, but its capacity of energy absorbing can’t adjust freely. Once happening crash accident, it would bring plastic deformation head of the cars, even the worthlessness of the whole car. Not only it puts passengers to die, but also brings great economic damage. According to that, in this paper the author designs a new type of energy absorbing equipment which is based on metal-cutting and gets the impacting leader flexing freely, and develop to the researches as following:Firstly, the author makes a summary of the present research situation domestic and foreign, discussing faults of the present energy absorbing principle. And make a conclusion that, it is urgent and important to develop a new principle of car crash energy absorbing. Later, introduce the designing idea of energy absorbing equipment, including the origin intention, structure configuration, operating principle. Put forward a working scheme which the main purpose is carrying out flexing freely. As the research developing, the author finds faults and evaluates the scheme in time. Finally, the author finds a more applicable scheme.Through analyzing the mechanical properties of metal cutting and flying cut, the author finds some similarities and differences. And bring forward a mechanical formula of metal-cutting energy absorbing equipment by simulating.Through simulating and analyzing series of thread pipes with different pitch, the author concludes single-start thread is not fit for high-speed car crashing. Then analyzing thread pipes with three types of materials and the same parameters, the author concludes that double thread is more suitable to the energy absorbing equipment for high-speed car crashing due to its significant capacity and mechanical properties. Pass the whole car-crash simulating analysis of 50km/h and 56km/m. The results from the research suggest that it is efficient for insuring car crashing at high-speed based on impacting leader cutting the thread pipe.更多还原