【作者】 张硕；

【导师】 申文杰；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 任何国家的执政党与政府若想获得长久的执政地位，就必须不断赢得政治合法性资源。对于由共产党领导的中国政府来说，如何长期执政并执好政，这既是一个政治合法性所要关注的领域，又是一个执政方式所面临和解决的问题。从一般层面上讲，政治合法性来自公众内心情感上的支持和认同，但从深层次来看，这里面却包含着人们对政府执政理念的价值追求。然而执政理念不仅需要有相应理论的支撑，更重要的是能借助有效的执政方式来达到理论与现实的完美结合，因此政府执政方式的创新不仅是执政理念中始终不容忽视的一个大问题，更是政府实现合法性的有效保证。正是在这样的逻辑下，笔者认为，要实现政治合法性必须采取符合人民利益的执政方式，以博得广大群众的认可。就中国而言，不论是“执政为民”，还是“为人民服务”，都蕴含着丰富的政治合法性内涵，应当根据时代的发展不断充实执政方式。本文运用文献研究法、总结归纳法、比较分析法，通过梳理分析政治合法性的有关概念，尝试性的总结出了西方对政治合法性思想的发展脉络。并回归到我国的角度阐释了中国政治生态下执政党和政府对政治合法性的理解认识，即把政治合法性思想融合到执政党与政府的执政理念中就是一个如何执政为民的问题。在此基础上针对目前中国政府在执政方式上存在的问题，并依据当前现实国情从创新执政方式的角度，尝试性地提出了相应的对策以期能够完善政府的合法性。同时谈到了执政方式的创新对加强当代中国政治合法性的影响。第一部分，政治合法性的理论分析。由于政治合法性在学者们眼中有着不同的内涵，导致人们对政治合法性概念的运用并不一致，不同学派之间甚至存在深刻的分歧，因此过去的几个世纪西方不同的学者对合法性问题存在着各自的学术解读。具体体现在功利主义、社会契约论、韦伯的经验主义以及马克思主义，中国的政治文化下，执政党与政府在对待政治合法性这一问题上，也有着自己的观点。第二部分，我国政府执政实践存在问题分析。合法性的巩固和维护需要从政府的实际作为中得到体现，但是目前我国政府在执政实践中还是面临和存在着诸多问题，特别突出的表现在行政管制手段相较当下有所滞后，官员存在人治的思维方式，地方各级政府不改善民生只强调GDP，处理公共危机较为被动，新兴媒体飞速发展也给政府执政带来了一定程度的阻碍。第三部分，政府在执政方式上的对策和创新。执政方式作为实现政治合法性的有效手段，因此执政方式的创新对巩固和维护政府的合法性具有重要意义。根据政府执政方式现存的问题提出了相应对策，具体包括转变政府职能创新政府行政管理的服务方式；加强政府与官员的监督和制约；通过搭建新的信息交流平台，创新执政的沟通方式；以人民利益为准绳进行顶层设计的制度创新，优化政府执政的设计方式；制定相关措施加快落实政府处理危机的方式。第四部分，政府执政方式创新对我国政治合法性的现实作用。十八大顺利召开后政府通过一系列措施改善执政方式，以期望达到重塑政府在群众心中的合法性的作用，这主要体现在遏制腐败，树立良好形象，改变工作作风提升权威，深入群众巩固政府的合法性根基。更多还原

【Abstract】 In any country，the ruling party and the government wants to obtain long—term rulingstatus，we must continue to win political legitimacy resources．For the leadership of theCommunist Party of Chinese government，how long the ruling and hold good politics，whichis not only a political legitimacy to areas of concern，and is in a manner of facing and solvingproblems．From the general sense，political legitimacy from the public feelings on the supportand recognition，but from the deep point of view，there are people to pursue the ruling ideas ofvalue．However，the ruling idea not only needs to have the corresponding theoretical support，more important is the perfect combination of the ruling way effectively to achieve the theoryand the reality，so the innovation of government governance is not only a big problem can notbe ignored the ruling idea of the government，is the effective guarantee of legitimacy．It is inthis logic，the author believes that，in order to achieve the political legitimacy of the rulingstyle must take the interests of the people，in order to win the broad masses of therecognition．It Chinese，whether it is "governing for the people"，or "serving the people"，contains all the political legitimacy of rich connotation，should be based on the developmentof the times and constantly enrich the ruling way．This paper used the method of literature research，induction，comparison analysismethod，through the analysis of the concept of political legitimacy，tentatively summed up thedevelopment of Western political legitimacy of thought．And return to our perspective ofChina political ecology of the ruling party and government awareness of the politicallegitimacy of understanding，namely political legitimacy thought into the ruling party and thegovernment’s ruling philosophy is a problem of how to govern for the people．On the basis ofexisting in the ruling way Chinese government present problems，and on the basis of currentrealities from the innovation of governance perspective，tries to put forward the corresponding countermeasures in order to improve the legitimacy of government．Also talked about theruling means innovation to strengthen the practical effect of contemporary China politicallegitimacy．The first part，analysis of the political legitimacy theory．Because of the politicallegitimacy has different connotations in scholars’ eyes，cause people to apply for politicallegitimacy concept is not consistent，even a profound differences between different schools，so the past few centuries the West different scholars on the legitimacy of academicinterpretation of their existence．Concrete embodiment of empiricism in utilitarianism，thetheory of social contract，Webb and the Marx doctrine，Chinese political culture，the rulingparty and the government on the political legitimacy on this one problem，also have their ownpoint of view．The second part， our country government analysis of the existing problems inpractice．The legitimacy of the consolidation and maintenance needs from the actual asgovernment reflected，but at present our country government in the practice still face andthere are many problems，especially prominent performance compared to current delays in theadministration，officials the rule of man thinking，local governments at all levels do notimprove the livelihood of the people only emphasize GDP，to deal with public crisis ispassive，the rapid development of new media also give government brought a certain degreeof obstruction．The third part， countermeasures and the innovation in the governance of thegovernment．The ruling way as an effective means of political legitimacy，therefore theinnovation of governance mode is of great significance for consolidating and maintaining thelegitimacy of government．According to the government’s ruling way and puts forward somecorresponding countermeasures for the existing problems，including the transformation ofgovernment functions and innovation of government administration services;strengthen thesupervision and restriction of government and officials; through the platform of information exchange platform of new，innovative ruling way of communication; system innovationcriterion to the people’s interests as the top design，optimization design method of governmentthe ruling;formulate relevant measures to speed up the implementation of the government’shandling of the crisis．The fourth part，government function innovation on the reality of China’s politicallegality．Eighteen was held after the government through a series of measures to improvegovernance，to reinvent government in masses heart legal effect，which is mainly reflected incurbing corruption，establish a good image，enhance the authority to change the work style，the masses to consolidate government legitimacy foundation．更多还原