【作者】 赵倩；

【导师】 武建宇；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 常用词大部分都属于基本词汇的范畴，是整个词汇系统的核心部分，它的变化对词汇史乃至整个语言史都有巨大的价值，因此，词汇史的研究不但不能把常用词弃之一边，更应该把它放在核心的位置，只有这样才可以窥见一个时期的词汇面貌，可以发现不同时期词汇发展演变的规律与原因，才有可能把词汇史的主要脉络理清，进而为词汇史分期提供一个科学的依据。对常用词中的实词作史的研究，动词与社会各物的动作行为息息相关，发生历时更替的情况最多，关键是词汇演变中诸多现象及规律在动词方面表现得最为生动、具体。本文将对“济渡”类动词语义场进行研究。本文通过工具书与文献的查看与检索，将“济渡”类动词语义场定义为“（人）从水面经过，并到达另一岸，渡过水面可以借助舟船、石头等工具，也可通过徒步、潜泳等方式过河，但不包括意指从水面上方跨过、飞越一类词语，如跨、越等。”本文运用定量与定型相结合的研究方法以及现代语义学范畴内的语义场理论，对“济渡”类语义场的主语义场及次语义场内的21个成员进行分析、比较与描写。全文分先秦、两汉魏晋南北朝、隋唐五代、宋元明清四个历史时期，选取各个时期的代表文献的用例，来对“济渡”类动词语义场之聚合关系和组合关系进行共时描写，进而对其成员之更替变化作历时比较，以探求“济渡”语义场的发展演变规律。全文分为四章。第一章是绪论部分，介绍本文选题所涉及的理论背景以及本选题的研究现状，说明本文选题价值与意义所在，确立本文所运用的研究材料及方法。第二章主要描写“济渡”类动词语义场从先秦到宋元明清时期使用频率及从其聚合、组合的角度对语义场内成员的进行研究，从而对该语义场作共时的比较与分析。第三章从“济渡”类动词语义场内的成员着手，研究每个成员的历时演变的情况，描述每个成员历时演变的表现。第四章通过前两章对“济渡”类动词语义场成员共时与历时的研究，进一步归纳和总结该语义场在历史演变过程中的特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 High frequency word, which is the hard core of the whole vocabulary system, mostlybelongs to basic vocabulary. Its variation poses a dramatic value on the history of vocabularyor even the whole language. Therefore, High frequency word should claim extensive attentionin the research on the history of vocabulary, which can detect the vocabulary features of oneperiod, the principles and causes of vocabulary evolutions in different periods, and can alsountangle the major skeleton as well as extending a scientific basis for its division. For theresearch on the notional word, verb is a fatal part as numerous phenomena and laws of itappear the most vivid and concrete in the vocabulary evolution.This paper will dip intosemantic field of River Crossing verd.Through reference books and documents, this paper defines the semantic field of RiverCrossing verb as human being goes through the water surface and arrives at the other bank.Applying the combination of ration and sizing, and the theory of semantic field in the modernsemantics as well, this paper analyzes the21members in the major and hypo-semantic fieldsof River Crossing verb with comparison and depiction. In order to conduct synchronicdescription of paradigmatic relations and systematic relations of River Crossing verb, itselects the cases of four different periods, in which the first period is the pre-Qin period, thesecond is Han, Wei, Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties, the third is Sui, Tang and theFive Dynasties, and the fourth is Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty. Furthermore, itundergoes the diachronic comparison on the variations of members so as to explore thechange rule of semantic fields.The whole paper divides into four sections.The first section is introduction, presenting the theoretical background involved, researchstatus, topic values and research materials and approaches.The second section mainly depicts the use frequency of semantic field from Pre-QinDynasty to Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing period, studies the members from the perspective ofparadigmatic relations and systematic relations, and conducts synchronic comparison andanalysis on semantic field.The third section studies the diachronic evolution condition and performance of each member.The fourth section further concludes and summarizes the characters of this semantic fieldin the historical evolution according to the fore-sections.更多还原