【作者】 王琳；

【导师】 马驷；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 由于我国铁路目前采用的是多种速度及等级列车共线运行的运输组织模式,这种模式使得大量高铁客运站兼办普速列车现象产生。另外,随着客运需求和既有车站能力供给之间的差异逐步增大,迫使铁路部门对既有车站扩能改造,在改扩建阶段,既有车站能力必定受到影响,原有的运输任务需由枢纽内的其他车站分担。如成都站在改扩建第二阶段车站能力受损严重,需将大量的普速列车转移到新建的高铁客运站成都东站办理。然而由于高铁客运站的设计理念和建设标准与普速列车及客流的需求存在一定的差异,此时客运站的设备能力能否与需求相适应、如何合理运用各类设备能力以及有效的度量适应性水平等问题对客运站的工作组织具有重要意义。本文在借鉴相关研究成果的基础之上,针对高铁客运站及不同种类列车作业组织的特点,分析高铁客运站兼办大量普速列车时的能力及适应性问题,便于管理决策者掌握客运站设备运用情况,为客运站的工作组织提供参考。本文的主要研究内容如下：(1)从狭义和广义两个层次对高铁客运站能力适应性的内涵进行了界定,并基于广义的适应性内涵对影响兼顾普速列车高铁客运站能力适应性的内、外部因素进行了详细分析。在此基础之上,针对高铁客运站特点,明确适应性度量要素为综合“质”与“量”并考虑系统的动态性。从而构建了兼顾普速列车的高铁客运站能力适应性分析的总体框架。(2)针对兼顾普速列车的高铁客运站的作业需求及特点,给出车站通过能力及客运设备能力的计算方法。由于动车组列车和普速列车占用到发线的时长差别较大,本文参照非平行图通过能力的计算方法,以高速动车组为标准列车,给出普速列车扣除系数的确定方法以及扣除系数法计算到发线通过能力的过程。(3)分析兼顾普速列车的高铁客运站到发线运用的相关因素,重点分析了客运设备对到发线运用的影响,据此提出同一站台两侧到发线和相邻站台两侧到发线的占用间隔时间要求。分别以保证客运站行车安全和行车技术作业、均衡利用客运站设备为目标,建立到发线运用的二次0-1规划模型,并给出遗传算法求解模型的过程。实现了到发线的运用优化,同时也促进了客运设备的合理运用,对提高设备的能力适应性具有重要的意义。(4)在确定了能力计算方法和到发线的运用优化方案的基础之上,研究从“质”与“量”两个层次对通过能力及客运设备能力适应性度量方法。其中,通过能力在“量”上的适应性主要以咽喉和到发线的利用率为度量标准,在“质”上的适应性主要以咽喉和到发线各自的占用时长标准差进行度量。客运设备的能力适应性度量是以设备利用率以及旅客服务水平分级为基础,建立了基于设备负荷和服务水平的能力适应性隶属函数,同时,考虑客流的波动性,提出以一昼夜内各时间段客运设备能力的平均水平表示客运设备的综合能力适应性。(5)以高铁客运站成都东站为例,按照适应性分析理论框架及方法,对成都站改造期,大量普速列车转移到成都东站后客运站各类设备能力适应性情况进行分析,从中找出客运站设备运用中存在的问题并提出调整和优化的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because China’s railway transportation organization model uses a variety of speed and grade train running on the same line, this model makes a lot of high-speed railway station handle with normal-speed trains. In addition, with the gradual increase differences between passenger demand and the existing station ability, many existing stations need to capacity expansion revamp. The other stations in the hub need to handle with the existing transport tasks as the capacity of the station being affected, such as Chengdu station. During its expansion, the Chengdu East Railway Station will handle with its transport tasks. However, because there are some differences between design and construction standards of high-speed railway station and requirements of normal-speed trains and passengers, a series of problems such as "whether the ability of equipment can adapt to the demands","how can we rationally use the abilities of various equipment" and "how to effectively measure the level of adaptability" are importance to the work organization of passenger station.Based on the related research and results, this paper analysis the ability and adaptability of high-speed railway station with normal-speed train according to the characteristics of high speed railway station and organization of different types train, which is convenient for management decision-makers to master the use of equipment and to provide a reference for the work organization. The main focus of the study includes the following aspects:(1) Define the ability adaptability connotation of high-speed railway station from the narrow and broad levels, and analyzes the internal factors and external factors that affect the ability adaptability of high-speed railway station with normal-speed trains in detail based on the broad adaptability connotation. Then this paper makes it clear that elements of adaptability measure are from the comprehensive of "quality" and "quantity" and consider the dynamics of the system, which establishes the overall framework of study on the ability adaptability of high-speed railway station with normal-speed trains(2) Summarize the operating characteristics of high-speed and normal-speed, and give the calculation method of carrying Capacity and passenger equipment capacity, because the time that the different types of the trains occupy the arrival and departure track is different, referring to calculation method of capacity of non-parallel graphs, this paper takes the high-speed train as the standard, gives the method to determine the deduction coefficient of normal-speed train and the process of deduction coefficient method to calculate the capacity of the arrival and departure track.(3) Analysis the relevant factors of the arrival and departure track usages in high-speed railway station with normal-speed train, especially the influence of passenger equipment, According to this, this paper proposes the interval requirements of two trains occupy the arrival and departure track on the both sides of same platform or adjacent platforms. Then proposes a0-1quadratic optimization model of arrival and departure tracks was established from two targets:the safe assurance for both train and technical operation, and the effective utilization of technical equipment for train operation, and design a genetic algorithm to solve it. This will not only achieve the optimize use of the throat and the arrival and departure track, but also promote the rational use of passenger equipment, and make a great significance to improve the ability adaptability of equipment.(4)Based on the optimized scheme of utilization of arrival and departure track, this chapter studies the capability adaptability of equipment in the station. The ability adaptability of throat and the arrival and departure track mainly result in the equipment load and balance use. We use the occupancy rates, the average occupancy times and standard deviation to measure. The capability adaptability of passenger equipment mainly result in the quality and quantity. On this basis, this paper establishes membership functions of adoptability of the capacity from two aspects, which are the equipment load and the passenger service level. At the same time, considering the volatility of passenger flow, we calculate the capability adaptability of equipment in a day, and use weighting method to determine the integrated capabilities adaptability of passenger equipment. As the worst device limits the ability of the station, it is recommended that the values express the integrated capabilities adaptability of the passenger equipment.(5)Take Chengdu East Railway Station for example, analysis its ability and adaptability with a lot of normal-speed trains during the expansion of Chengdu station according to the framework and method of adaptability analysis, which helps us to find the problem of equipment use, and propose recommendations for the optimization and adjustment.更多还原