【作者】 刘伟；

【导师】 范炤；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 我们视觉系统一个重要的作用是定位复杂场景中物体的轮廓和边缘,然而,人类在定位运动物体或者附近有运动信号干扰的静止物体位置时,会产生偏差。这些错觉根据是否为自身运动所引起的分为两类：第一类为物体自身运动引起的定位错觉,如闪烁滞后效应(Flash-lag effect)等；第二类为静止物体附近的运动信号所引起的错觉,如运动后效(Motion aftereffect)等。本研究属于第二类错觉。本研究采用Fan和Harris. J.(2010)的方法,探讨四个视觉象限内扩张和收缩光流中心的感知位置的位移差异及辨别准确性的差异。具体目的：(1)探讨不同视觉象限内扩张和收缩光流的中心位移以及辨别准确性的差异：(2)探讨上视野和下视野光流中心感知位移的差异；(3)综合本实验的结果,分析一下该实验结果在现实场景中的应用前景和实验存在的不足。实验一采用4(不同视觉象限：左上VS右上VS左下VS右下)×2(光流运动方向：径向扩张VS径向收缩)的被试内设计测量不同视觉象限内光流中心的感知位置以及辨别准确性(辨别阈限)。结果发现右下视觉象限光流中心发生了显著的位移,不同象限的辨别准确性不存在显著性差异。实验二采用4(不同视觉象限：左上VS右上VS左下VS右下)×2(光流运动方向：径向扩张-径向扩张(EXP-EXP)VS径向收缩-径向收缩(CON-CON))的被试内设计来探讨扩张和收缩光流模式中心的辨别的准确性是否存在差异。结果发现径向收缩光流比扩张模式中心辨别的准确性更高且这个效应在下半视野更显著。实验三采用4(不同视觉象限：左上VS右上VS左下VS右下)×2(光流运动方向：径向扩张和红色固定点VS径向收缩和红色注视点)的被试内设计来测量径向收缩和径向扩张光流中心的感知位置位移的差异,以及径向收缩和径向扩张光流中心的辨别准确性是否存在差异。结果发现径向收缩光流比径向扩张光流辨别准确性高。更多还原

【Abstract】 One of the essential operations carried out by our visual system is the localization of the edges of objects and surfaces in a complex scene.However,we will locate the location of the object wrongly while the object is moving or nearby motion signal.The illusion divided into two categories by the origin: the first illusion is caused by self-motion, such as Flash-lag effect;the second illusion is caused by nearby motion signals,such as Motion aftereffect.The current research is belonged to the second illusion.We studied differences in localizing the centre of flow in radially expanding and contracting patterns in different regions of the visual field by Fan(2010) model. The specific purpose:(1) determine differences of sensitivity to optic flow in different quadrants;(2) Explore differences of the centre of flow in the upper visual field and in the lower visual field;(3) Integrate the results of the experiment and analyze the applications and limitations in the real scene.Study1demonstrates the perceived centre of a peripherally viewed expanding pattern and the differences of sensitivity to optic flow in different quadrants by4(the visual quadrants:,Up-Left(UL)VS Up-Right(UP)VS Low-Right(LR)VS Low-Left(LL))×2(direction of optical flow motion:radial expansion VS radial contraction) within subject design.The result find that there is a significant shift in the lower right visual quadrant,while there is not a significant difference in the discrimination of centre of flow in different quadrants.Study2explores difference of the discrimination of centre of flow in different quadrants4(the visual quadrants:Up-Left(UL) VS Up-Right(UP) VS Low-Right (LR) VS Low-Left(LL))×2(direction of optical flow motion:EXP-EXP V S CON-CON) within subject design.The result find that the discrimination thresholds of the contracting patterns are higher than that of the expanding patterns,especially in low vision quadrants.Study3demonstrates the true displacement of the perceived location of centre of radically expanding and contracting patterns and whether there is different in discrimination thresholds of the contracting patterns and the expanding patterns.The results showed that the discrimination of flow is more precise for contracting than expanding patterns.更多还原