【作者】 刘婷；

【导师】 苏艳；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 与诺贝尔文学奖失之交臂的沈从文在二十多年的文学生涯中,创作了大量文学作品及文学评论,但最能代表其创作个性的是那些以二十世纪初湘西现实生活为背景,表现湘西普通大众生存状态的乡土作品,那些富有鲜明地方色彩的中短篇小说。他的《边城》无疑是中国现当代文学史上乡土小说中一颗璀璨的明珠。这部小说曾被译为九种文字,到目前为止,共有四个英译本：1936年项美丽和邵洵美的译本,1947年金隄和白英的译本,1981年戴乃迭的译本,2009年金介甫的译本。作为沈从文的代表作,《边城》问世近八十年来,国内的相关研究一直没有停止过。历来对《边城》英译本的研究不少,但因为金介甫的译本是其中最新的,因此国内外少有人对此进行过系统的批评研究。《边城》因其浓郁的地方色彩而拥有恒久的艺术魅力和社会意义,因此英译本对其地方色彩的传达成功与否直接影响着外国读者对《边城》的美学感受,很大程度上决定了译本的成败。此外,金介甫作为学者型译者,曾纂写过《沈从文传》,并因此亲自数次拜访过沈从文本人,可以说他对沈从文本人及其作品的创作风格甚为熟悉,那么在《边城》的英译本中,金介甫是否很好地保留原作的地方特色?传递了湘西文化?为了再现原作的地方文学创作特点,译者采取了怎样的翻译策略?这些都值得我们进行深入研究探讨,以此将中国当代文学中的乡土小说,以更优异的面目呈现于英语世界,让国外友人了解其作品中展现的地域风情和语言特色。本文以地方文学理论和归化与异化理论为视角,以金介甫译本为主要研究对象,必要时兼用戴乃迭译本作为对照,从地方文学特殊的场景描写、人物塑造、方言、情节四个方面较为系统地分析金介甫译本采用的翻译策略及其成功之处,旨在彰显地方文学理论对细化文学翻译活动及其鉴赏批评具有可操作性,更有利于译者更好地把握译本中语言形式与翻译策略的有机关联。本文最终发现,仅仅在翻译方言和人物对话部分时,金介甫偏向于使用归化的翻译策略来再现沈从文笔下个性鲜明的乡土角色；而当再现《边城》中的地方场景描写、民谣、当地谚语、典故时,金介甫使用得更多的是异化的翻译策略,尤其是注释的翻译方法。因此,在金介甫的译本中保留了大量湘西本土典型的表达方式,这为目的语读者提供了丰富的湘西文化信息,且成功了保留原作中的地方色彩。尽管金译《边城》在传达其地方色彩特色方面存在不完美之处,但作为为数不多的外国作者翻译研究中国当代地方文学作品,采取特定的翻译策略使西方读者深入了解《边城》所体现出的中国当代地方文学特色,这不光为广大译者提供了良好的借鉴,尤其对当今全球环境下的中西地方色彩文学交流具有重大的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In spite of missing the Nobel Prize for Literature, Shen Congwen created a large number of works and criticisms. His most representative and original works are short stories with distinctive local colors in West Hunan in the early20th century. His Biancheng is undoubtedly the brightest pearl among all the rural novels in modern Chinese literature. The novel has been translated into nine languages and there are four English translations of it so far:Border Town by Emily Hahn and ShaoXunmei in1936, The Frontier City by Ching Ti and Robert Payne in1947, The Border Town by Gladys Yang in1981, and Border Town by Jeffrey C. Kinkley in2009. As Shen Congwen’s masterpiece, Biancheng has aroused endless domestic researches. In addition, there has been many studies on its English versions, especially Gladys Yang’s, but few systematical study has been made to criticize Kinkley’s one, the latest translation of Biancheng.Biancheng is of long-lasting artistic charm and social significance because of its local colors; therefore, whether the English translation successfully conveys its local colors would have a direct impact on foreign readers’ aesthetic experience and heavily determine whether the translation is a success or failure. In addition, Jeffrey C.Kinkley, as a scholar-translator, composed The Odyssey of Shen Congwen and personally visited Shen for many times. It can be said that Kinkley is the most qualified translator of Biancheng with his familiarity with Shen. Therefore, it’s worthy of our study to investigate in depth whether Kinkley retains the original features and delivers cultures in West Hunan, and whether his translation approaches have successfully reproduced the creative characteristics of the rural literature to make rural novels known by the English world with its local customs and language feats.From the perspective of rural literature theory and domestication and foreignization, this paper focuses study on Kinkley’s translation and resorts to its comparison with Gladys’version. It systematically analyzes Kinkley’s reproduction of the original local colors from four aspects:rural settings, rural characters, the use of rural language and plots revolving around rituals in order to explore his translation strategy and achievements. On the basis of it, this paper aims to highlight the feasibility of rural literary theory on refining, appreciating and criticizing literary activities, and demonstrates its contribution to a better grasp of the organic connection between language styles and translation strategies.It is found that only when translating rural dialect and conversations, Kinkley inclines to domestication to reproduce the vivid rural characters created by Shen Congwen in Biancheng. In the case of preserving the description of rural setting, ballads, rural proverbs, Kinkley makes good use of foreignization, especially annotation. Therefore, maintaining many typical expressions used in West Hunan in translation, Kinkley not only provides his readers with rich information about culture in West Hunan, but also preserves local flavors in the original.Despite that there are still some shortcomings in delivering the local colors of Biancheng, as a foreign scholar, Kinkley has done a good job in skillfully adopting translation approaches to introduce modern Chinese rural literature to the Western World. His translation played a particularly significant role in global communications between Chinese and Westerners in rural literature nowadays.更多还原